Tardiglacial Human Adaptations in the Cantabrian Cordillera, Spain

西班牙坎塔布连山脉的缓冰期人类适应

• 批准号: 9804730
• 负责人: Lawrence Straus
• 金额: $ 10.71万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9804730&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tardiglacial; Human; Adaptations; Cantabrian; Cordillera

Magdalenian culture marks the apex of the Paleolithic period in European prehistory. Covering the time span from ca. 16,000-11,000 years ago, the conclusion of the last Ice Age, Magdalenian peoples occupied an area which extended from Spain through northern Germany. Famous rock paintings in caves such as Lascaux and Altimera were produced by the Magdalenians and carved bone and ivory figurines constitute some of the earliest known art mobilier in the world. From an anthropological perspective the group is interesting because of the broad range of subsistence adaptations displayed. Through analysis of within-culture variation, it is possible, one hopes, to discern basic organizing principles. The site of Miron is particularly interesting in this context because it is situated near the southern end of Magdalenian distribution and is in a montaine location. With National Science Foundation support Dr. Straus and his collaborators will conduct four seasons of archaeological excavation at the site. Miron is a huge cave dominating the intermontaine valley of Ason and is surrounded by high Cordilleran crests and summits. Because of it's size, it approximates an open-air site since activities conducted within it would have been relatively unconstrained. Preliminary excavation has revealed stratified Magdalenian deposits rich in lithics as well as faunal remains. Because of its sheltered nature, it provides an ideal locus for the study of long-term environmental change through sedimentology, geomorphology, micromorphology, palynology, paleobotany and paleontology. This range of studies will be conducted by collaborating specialists from the Universidad de Cantabria. The site has yielded rock engravings stratigraphically datable to the Magdalenian and is likely to produce additional artistic remains. This project is important for several reasons. It will shed new light on prehistoric adaptation at a hunting and gathering level of technology. It will provide data of interest to many archaeologists and assist in training a number of both Spanish and American students.

马格德林文化标志着欧洲史前旧石器时代的顶峰。时间跨度从CA。16，000 - 11，000年前，最后一个冰河时代结束，马格德林人占据了从西班牙到北方德国的一片区域。著名的岩画在洞穴，如拉斯科和阿尔蒂梅拉是由马格德林人和雕刻的骨头和象牙雕像构成了一些最早的已知艺术mobilier在世界上。从人类学的角度来看，这个群体是有趣的，因为它展示了广泛的生存适应。人们希望，通过对文化内部差异的分析，可以发现基本的组织原则。米龙遗址在这方面特别有趣，因为它位于抹大拉分布区的南端附近，并且位于一个山区。在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，施特劳斯博士和他的合作者将在该遗址进行四季的考古挖掘。 米龙是一个巨大的洞穴，主导着亚松的山间山谷，周围环绕着高高的科迪勒支峰和山顶。由于它的大小，它近似于一个露天场地，因为在其内进行的活动相对不受限制。初步挖掘揭示了分层的Magdalenian沉积物，富含岩石和动物遗迹。由于其隐蔽的性质，它为通过沉积学、地貌学、微形态学、孢粉学、古植物学和古生物学研究长期环境变化提供了理想的场所。这一系列的研究将由坎塔布里亚大学的合作专家进行。该遗址已经产生了岩石雕刻，其地层可追溯到抹大拉纪，并可能产生更多的艺术遗迹。 这个项目之所以重要，有几个原因。它将在狩猎和采集技术水平上揭示史前适应的新情况。它将为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据，并协助培训一些西班牙和美国学生。