(EGB) Evaluating the Processes Governing Particle-Reactive Element Transport in an Arctic River System: Coupling Hydrology, Geochemical Tracers, and Hydrologic Models

(EGB) 评估北极河流系统中颗粒反应元素输运的过程：耦合水文、地球化学示踪剂和水文模型

• 批准号: 9807590
• 负责人: Frederick Sayles
• 金额: $ 44.6万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9807590&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EGB; Evaluating; Processes; Governing; Particle

9807590SaylesWe propose an interdisciplinary approach for the evaluation of the riverine transport of sediments and particle-associated contaminants that is applicable to many sparsely measured river-dominated coastal systems. To overcome data restrictions and cover large spatial scales, we propose the joint use of geochemical, hydrodynamic, and hydrological data sets together with high-resolution models of transport and geochemical processes. Our objective is to provide basic information on the pathways, dynamics, and controls on transport and depositional environments, and to explore the sensitivity of the system to contaminant- loading and accumulation. A very important aspect of the study is the deliberate design of the approach to use the often-minimal monitoring network on river systems together with limited field observations. We propose to focus our study on the Ob River, one of the four largest rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. It is representative of large Arctic rivers in many respects, but is unique in a way that adds greatly to its utility for the present study. The Ob basin has been the site of the bulk of the nuclear weapons production and development program of the former Soviet Union. As a result of releases from thee facilities, a variety of tracers has been introduced, over the past 50 years, into the river system at known point-sources providing unique opportunities for studying pollutant transfer rates and mechanism, as well as basic sediment transport and deposition within this large arctic river system. We will use a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model with sediment-transport and geochemical interaction submodels to interpolate between river data sets. In a statistical sense, we will evaluate how the fate of the particles and associated tracers is governed by the geochemistry, the hydrology, the geometry of the river configuration, and the physical processes that must be responsive to the river geometry, flow, and the physics of sediment transport. The links between the geochemical data derived from the sediment cores, the historical hydrologic data, and the models will be established through developing detailed chronologies for the cores. This chronology then would be used to relate changes in accumulation rates and sediment characteristics in space and in time to multiyear changes in hydrologic conditions and model predictions.Recently obtained data from Ob above its confluence with the Irtysh provide strong confirmation of the utility of studies in this river basin. The sediments from this river contain uniques isotopic signatures that effectively "tag" its sediments. One isotopic ratio, 240Pu/239Pu, is ~constant over the past 50 years providing a label to identify these sediments in mixtures down stream. A second tracer, 237Np, varies strongly over times, by up to an order of magnitude, providing a time varying signal for use in estimating transport and deposition rates. Such unique signatures are ideal for meeting the goals proposed here. This proposal was submitted to the EGB Program and is being jointly funded by:1. Division of CTS (Arndt) and (Roco)2. Division of INT - (Dudka)3. Division of OPP - (Ledbetter)4. Division of OCE - (Buesseler)

9807590Sayleswe提出了一种跨学科方法，用于评估沉积物和粒子相关污染物的河流运输，该方法适用于许多稀疏测量的河流主导的沿海系统。 为了克服数据限制并涵盖大型空间尺度，我们提出了地球化学，流体力学和水文数据集的联合使用以及高分辨率的运输和地球化学过程。 我们的目标是提供有关传输和沉积环境的途径，动态和控制的基本信息，并探索系统对污染物负荷和积累的敏感性。 该研究的一个非常重要的方面是，对河流系统上通常最小的监测网络的方法进行了故意设计，并进行了有限的现场观测。我们建议将研究集中在OB河上，OB河是流入北极海洋的四个最大河流之一。 它在许多方面都代表了大北极河流，但其独特之处在于它在本研究中的实用性。 OB盆地一直是前苏联大部分核武器生产和开发计划的所在地。 由于从The设施中发布的结果，在过去的50年中，已在已知的点源中引入了各种示踪剂，为研究污染物转移率和机制提供了独特的机会，以及该大型北极河系统中的基本沉积物运输和沉积。 我们将使用带有沉积物传输和地球化学相互作用的二维流体动力模型来插入河流数据集之间。 从统计意义上讲，我们将评估颗粒和相关示踪剂的命运如何受地球化学，水文学，河流构型的几何形状以及必须对河流几何形状，流量和沉积物运输物理物理的响应的物理过程的控制。 将通过为核心开发详细的年表建立源自沉积物核心的地球化学数据，历史水文数据和模型之间的联系。 然后，该年表将用于将空间的累积速率和沉积物特征的变化与水文条件和模型预测的多年变化联系起来。从OB上获得与IRTYSH汇合的数据相关的数据，可以很好地确认该河流盆地研究的实用性。 这条河的沉积物包含有效“标记”其沉积物的唯一同位素特征。 在过去的50年中，一个同位素比240PU/239PU是〜恒定的，该标签提供了标签，以识别流中混合物中的这些沉积物。 第二个示踪剂237NP随着时间的变化而变化较大，最多可达一个数量级，提供了一个时间变化的信号，以用于估计传输和沉积速率。 这种独特的签名是实现此处提出的目标的理想选择。该提案已提交给EGB计划，并由以下方式共同资助：1。 CTS（Arndt）和（Roco）2的划分。 INT - （Dudka）3。 OPP - （LEDBETTER）4。 OCE - （Buesseler）