SGER: A Study of State Political Party Endorsement Systems in Gubernatorial Nominations

这是一项对1998年6个州政党举行的9次预选支持大会的研究，旨在复制1994年研究人员在同一州进行的类似研究。虽然提名候选人在理论上是政党最重要的责任之一，但几乎所有州的法律都规定提名必须采用直接初选，这损害了美国各州政党的这一职能。但是，在大约三分之一的州，一个或两个政党利用一些制度机制来影响某些职位候选人的提名。本研究的重点是政党支持公约，包括一些州法律规定的公约和其他州政党规则规定的公约。这项研究的目的是回答关于支持公约运作的几个问题：公约使用的决策过程是什么？支持候选人的标准是什么？在什么条件下，获得大会支持的候选人最有可能被提名？大会代表如何评价认可过程的影响？跨州的研究设计使得比较不同类型政党的支持成为可能；对以往研究的重复，使得扩大研究案例的数量和考察长期趋势成为可能，包括在提名过程中被背书者的成功率下降。调查人员将走访尽可能多的支持公约的州，以获得过程的第一手分析。然后，研究人员在代表大会召开后不久，向每个代表大会的350名代表发送问卷，以获得有关支持过程的事实信息和印象。收集的数据集将对许多其他学者有价值。

This is a study of nine preprimary endorsing conventions to be held by political parties in six states in 1998, designed to replicate a similar study carried out in 1994 by the researchers in the same states. Although the nomination of candidates is theoretically one of the most important responsibilities of parties, the use of the direct primary, required for nominations by the laws of almost all states has, undermined this function of American State parties. But one or both parties in about one-third of the states uses some institutional mechanisms in an effort to influence the nomination of candidates for some offices. This study is focused on political party endorsing conventions, including ones established by law in some states and those provided by party rules in other states. The research is designed to answer several questions about operations of endorsing conventions: What is the decision-making process used by conventions and what are the criteria for endorsing candidates? Under what conditions is the candidate endorsed by the convention most likely to be nominated? How do convention delegates evaluate the impact of the endorsement process? The cross-state research design makes it possible to compare endorsements made by different types of parties; the replication of previous research makes it possible to enlarge the number of cases studied and to examine trends over time, including the declining success of endorsees in the nominating process. The investigators will visit as many of the state endorsing conventions as possible, to get first-hand analysis of the process. The researchers then send questionnaires to a sample of 350 delegates from each convention, shortly after the convention meets, in order to get factual information and impressions about the endorsing process. The data set to be gathered will be of value to numerous other scholars.