SGER: An Analysis of Biotic and Physical Factors in El Nino-Induced Landslides

SGER：厄尔尼诺引发的山体滑坡的生物和物理因素分析

• 批准号: 9813668
• 负责人: Omer Reichman
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-07-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9813668&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Analysis; Biotic; Physical; Factors

Reichman et al. 98 13668 The 1997-1998 El Ni o (ENSO) event has caused extremely high rains throughout central coastal California and these have generated a large number of landslides. These landslides change the shape of the landscape and its vegetational characteristics. The distribution of these landslides appears to be related to a specific combination of physical and biological factors. Slope, parent material and soil water content influence the probability of slumping and mudslides as do the rooting characteristics of vegetation and animal activities. This project would investigate the distribution of landslide events to examine the importance of these biotic factors and the mechanisms by which they operate. On the Sedgwick Reserve in the University of California Natural Reserve system near Santa Barbara, it has been observed that hillslopes with the same geometry and parent materials appear to exhibit different probabilities of slumping due to the vegetation that occurs on them. Specifically, it appears that areas with coastal sage scrub communities are much more likely to exhibit slides than are grasslands that surround them. This project will document this phenomenon and examine the factors that may be causing it. In particular, it will examine differences in root density and the incidence of understory vegetation as potential causal factors driving landslides. It will also test whether gophers, which are not common in sage-scrub areas, increase the drainage of water from grasslands through their development of burrows. This project will contribute to an understanding of biotic influences on landscape hydrology and provide important information for the development of conservation strategies for this region of California.

Reichman等人 98 13668 1997-1998年的厄尔尼诺现象（ENSO）在整个中部沿海加州造成了极高的降雨，并产生了大量的山体滑坡。 这些山体滑坡改变了景观的形状及其植被特征。这些滑坡的分布似乎与物理和生物因素的特定组合有关。 坡度、母质和土壤含水量影响滑塌和泥石流的概率，植被的生根特性和动物活动也会影响滑塌和泥石流的概率。 本项目将调查滑坡事件的分布情况，以研究这些生物因素的重要性及其运作机制。 在圣巴巴拉附近的加州大学自然保护区系统的塞奇威克保护区，人们观察到，具有相同几何形状和母质的山坡由于其上的植被而表现出不同的滑塌概率。 具体来说，似乎沿海鼠尾草灌木群落的地区比周围的草原更有可能出现滑坡。 本项目将记录这一现象，并研究可能导致这一现象的因素，特别是将研究根密度的差异和林下植被的发生率作为导致山体滑坡的潜在原因。 它还将测试在鼠尾草灌丛地区不常见的地鼠是否会通过洞穴的发育增加草地的排水量。 该项目将有助于了解生物对景观水文的影响，并为加州这一地区的保护战略的发展提供重要信息。