Olfactory Foraging by Procellariiform Seabirds at South Georgia

南乔治亚岛的 Procellariiform 海鸟的嗅觉觅食

• 批准号: 9814326
• 负责人: Gabrielle Nevitt
• 金额: $ 13.7万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9814326&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Olfactory; Foraging; Procellariiform; Seabirds; South

Many procellariiforms or "tube-nosed" seabirds (i.e., the petrels, albatrosses and shearwaters) forage over vast expanses of featureless ocean waters in search of a patchily-distributed food resource, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). These birds have highly developed olfactory systems and are attracted to fishy-smelling odors. Recent work has also shown that several Antarctic species are attracted to dimethyl sulfide, an odor associated with high primary productivity. It has been proposed that DMS and other natural aromatics make up an olfactory landscape over the ocean that seabirds use to forage. The peaks and valleys of this landscape provide birds with detailed, instantaneous information about whether they are in areas where they are likely to find food. Although there has been intensive work investigating one component of this landscape (DMS), detailed studies about other potential olfactory cues more closely associated with krill are lacking. It is not known, for example, whether Antarctic procellariiform seabirds can smell krill directly, but this information is necessary to develop models of olfactory foraging on a broader scale.This framework will be critical in exploring how changes in krill distribution and density might affect the foraging success of seabirds over multi-year studies - questions pertinent to long-term management. The objective of this study is to investigate species-specific differences in olfactory responses by Antarctic procellariiform seabirds to krill-related odors. This work will be conducted in collaboration with the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Peleagic Exosystems Core Program. This is a multi-year ecological study being carried out near South Georgia where procellariiform seabirds have been closely monitored. Olfactory data will thus be linked to real time diet sampling being done locally at Bird Island near South Georgia, and will be used to assist in developing strategies for the management and exploitation of marine resources in the area.

许多原细胞形或“管鼻”海鸟（即，海燕、信天翁和剪沃茨）在广阔的无特征的海洋沃茨上觅食，以寻找零散分布的食物资源南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）。这些鸟有高度发达的嗅觉系统，被鱼腥味所吸引。 最近的研究还表明，一些南极物种被二甲基硫所吸引，这是一种与高初级生产力有关的气味。 有人提出二甲硫醚和其他天然芳香剂构成了海鸟用来觅食的海洋嗅觉景观。 这一景观的高峰和低谷为鸟类提供了详细的即时信息，以了解它们是否在可能找到食物的区域。 虽然已经有密集的工作调查的一个组成部分，这一景观（DMS），详细的研究其他潜在的嗅觉线索更密切相关的磷虾缺乏。 例如，目前还不知道南极原细胞形海鸟是否能直接闻到磷虾，但这一信息对于在更大范围内建立嗅觉觅食模型是必要的，这一框架对于探索磷虾分布和密度的变化如何影响海鸟在多年研究中的觅食成功率至关重要-这些问题与长期管理有关。 本研究的目的是探讨南极原细胞形海鸟对磷虾相关气味的嗅觉反应的种属差异。这项工作将与英国南极调查局的深海系外系统核心方案合作进行。 这是一项在南格鲁吉亚附近进行的多年生态研究，在那里对原细胞海鸟进行了密切监测。 因此，嗅觉数据将与在南格鲁吉亚附近的鸟岛当地进行的真实的食物取样联系起来，并将用于协助制定该地区海洋资源管理和开发战略。