Higher-Order Avian Phylogeny: Bridging Mesozoic and Modern Taxa Based on Expanded Morphological Data

高阶鸟类系统发育：基于扩展形态学数据桥接中生代和现代类群

• 批准号: 9815248
• 负责人: Bradley Livezey
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9815248&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Higher; Order; Avian; Phylogeny; Bridging

DEB 9815248LivezeyCarnegie InstitutionDespite diverse attempts and methodologies, no consensus exists on the evolutionary relationships among the major groups of birds. As an alternative to the intuitive classifications of the past, a comprehensive morphological analysis is needed to reassess the higher-order placements of a number of critical and problematic, fossil and modern avian groups. This study will permit the completion of a several-year, collaborative assessment of the relationships among major taxonomic groups of birds based on a cladistic analysis of comparative anatomy. The study will include all modern nonpasseriform families and a number of fossil groups, and is to be rooted using theropod dinosaurs and other archosaurian reptiles. The anatomical comparisons will include the skeleton, musculature, and selected characters of the trachea and integument. The total numbers of taxa to be included number approximately 175, and surveys to date indicate that a target of 1,300 characters is reasonable for an analysis of this scale. The characters will be described uniformly using the comprehensive and precise technical nomenclature set forth in the Nomina Anatomica Avium. The resultant hypothesis will provide a critical, first estimate of the evolutionary history of fossil and modern birds based on comparative anatomy, will facilitate comparisons of estimates across different data sets, and will shed light on current controversies concerning the origin of birds.

DEB 9815248尽管尝试和方法论多种尝试和方法论，但对主要鸟类之间的进化关系尚无共识。 作为过去直观分类的替代方法，需要进行全面的形态分析来重新评估许多关键和有问题的化石和现代禽类群体的高阶位置。 这项研究将允许基于比较解剖结构的分析分析，对主要分类鸟类之间的关系进行几年的合作评估。 该研究将包括所有现代的非侧型家族和许多化石群，并应使用多足动物恐龙和其他Archosaurian爬行动物植根。 解剖学比较将包括骨架，肌肉和气管和外皮的选定特征。 包括大约175个数字的分类单元的总数，迄今为止的调查表明，1,300个字符的目标对于对此量表进行分析是合理的。 这些字符将使用Nomina Anatomica Avium中规定的全面，精确的技术命名法统一描述。 最终的假设将基于比较解剖结构提供对化石和现代鸟类进化史的关键估计，将有助于对不同数据集的估计值进行比较，并将阐明有关鸟类起源的当前争议。