SGER: GFP-Based Imaging for Cryobiological Research: A Cryosurgical Application

SGER：用于冷冻生物学研究的基于 GFP 的成像：冷冻外科应用

• 批准号: 9816734
• 负责人: John McGrath
• 金额: $ 8.42万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-03-01 至 2001-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9816734&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; GFP; Based; Imaging; Cryobiological

9816734McGrathThe short-term objective of the research is to demonstrate that a recently developed class of fluorescent molecular probes can be used as in situ tissue viability probes. Specifically, green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescent probes developed by molecular biologists will be used in conjunction with an animal skin flap window chamber to allow continuous, dynamic, three-dimensional, in vivo tissue/tumor observations and measurements of fluorescence related to cellular viability. It is expected that the successful demonstration of the feasibility of this approach would allow for exciting and novel subsequent research that would provide an unprecedented level of detail regarding freeze/thaw damage at the cellular and tissue level. It is anticipated that the method will be especially productive when applied to issues related to vasculature injury, which are precisely the issues which state-of-the art research defines as one of the most important to address at this time. Successful completion of this exploratory research is also expected to lead to an improved understanding of the another major shortcoming in our current knowledge: the mechanisms of freeze/thaw injury at "slow" freezing rates for isolated cells as well as for tissues in vitro and in vivo. Finally, future developments of the method using GFPs and transfected immunologically-significant cells could lead to an improved understanding of certain aspects of cell-mediated cryoimmune responses, another important issue in cryosurgery and tissue freezing in general.The long term goal of the research is aimed at developing cryosurgical devices and procedures which would make cryosurgery a cost effective, minimally invasive method for selectively killing tumors while avoiding injury to surrounding normal tissues and to do so for as many cancers as possible. The current state of the art limits the optimization of existing cryosurgical devices and processes as well as the development of new devices and procedures that could extend the use of cryosurgery to other applications. The limiting factor is that the mechanisms by which the freezing and thawing kill the cancerous tissue is not understood well enough. Part of the reason that these mechanisms remain unknown is related to the relatively crude means currently used for assessing viability in tissues in vivo. This research grant will support a woman mechanical engineering graduate student who is conducting research on this topic for her Ph.D. thesis. She intends to pursue an academic career in the field of biomedical engineering. The research has already attracted two female undergraduate engineering students who are beginning to get involved with it and who have expressed interest to pursue graduate study as a part of the research group as a result.

9816734 McGrath该研究的短期目标是证明最近开发的一类荧光分子探针可用作原位组织活力探针。 具体而言，分子生物学家开发的绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）荧光探针将与动物皮瓣窗口室结合使用，以允许连续、动态、三维、体内组织/肿瘤观察和与细胞活力相关的荧光测量。 预计这种方法的可行性的成功证明将允许令人兴奋的和新颖的后续研究，这将提供前所未有的细节水平，在细胞和组织水平的冻/融损伤。 预计该方法在应用于与脉管系统损伤相关的问题时将特别有效，这些问题正是最先进的研究定义为此时要解决的最重要的问题之一。 这项探索性研究的成功完成，也有望导致我们目前的知识的另一个主要缺点：冷冻/解冻损伤的机制，在“慢”冷冻速率分离的细胞，以及在体外和体内的组织的更好的理解。 最后，使用GFP和转染的免疫显著细胞的方法的未来发展可能会导致对细胞介导的冷冻免疫应答的某些方面的更好理解，这是冷冻外科和组织冷冻中的另一个重要问题。研究的长期目标是开发冷冻外科设备和程序，使冷冻外科具有成本效益，选择性杀死肿瘤的微创方法，同时避免损伤周围正常组织，并尽可能多地治疗癌症。 现有技术的现状限制了现有冷冻外科装置和过程的优化以及可以将冷冻外科的使用扩展到其他应用的新装置和过程的开发。 限制因素是冷冻和解冻杀死癌组织的机制还不够清楚。 这些机制仍然未知的部分原因与目前用于评估体内组织活力的相对粗糙的方法有关。这项研究补助金将支持一名机械工程女研究生，她正在为博士学位进行这一主题的研究。论文 她打算在生物医学工程领域从事学术事业。 这项研究已经吸引了两名工程系女本科生，她们开始参与这项研究，并表示有兴趣作为研究小组的一员攻读研究生。