A SGER Proposal to Test the Hypothesis of a Sub-Surface Biosphere within Oceanic Crust
A SGER Proposal to Test the Hypothesis of a Sub-Surface Biosphere within Oceanic Crust
批准号:
9817616
负责人:
James Cowen
金额:
$3.36万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Standard Grant
财政年份:
1998
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1998-09-15 至 2000-08-31
中文摘要
我们的LEXEN项目的主要目标是验证在海洋地壳中存在大量微生物生物圈的假设。本研究的一个关键组成部分是了解在不同地壳-地热制度下生物圈如何变化,以及地下微生物活动的有机碳证据如何在不同地壳年龄和沉积物覆盖的地点表现出来。我们将确定控制地壳内生命分布的过程,特别是(a)具有高温流体的年轻地壳与具有热流体的老地壳,(b)沉积与非沉积地壳部分,含氧地壳流体与缺氧流体,以及(d)流体停留时间长与停留时间短。对于地下生物圈是否存在的问题,一个合理的答案要求我们根据其有机组成和微生物分类(脂质和分子遗传探针)来描述源流体的特征,确定流体的传输路径、流体循环的深度和停留时间,以便确定我们正在取样的地壳岩石的面积/体积。最后,重要的是,我们要通过比较来自同一传播中心的老站点和新站点的数据,对我们如何在全球范围内推断我们的结果进行一阶估计。
英文摘要
Cowen/Johnson AbstractThe primary goal for our LEXEN program is to test the hypothesis that there is a substantial microbial biosphere within oceanic crust. A critical component of this study is to learn how this biosphere varies under different crustal-geothermal regimes, and how the organic carbon evidence of the sub-surface microbial activity is manifested at sites of widely different crustal age and sediment cover. We will be determining the processes that control the distribution of life within the crust, specifically within (a) young crust with high temperature fluids vs old crust with warm fluids, (b) sedimented vs un-sedimented crustal sections, oxygenated crustal fluids vs anoxic fluids, and (d) long fluid residence times vs short residence times. A plausible answer to the question regarding the existence of a sub-surface biosphere requires that we characterize the source fluids in terms of their organic composition and microbial taxonomy (lipids and molecular genetic probes), identify the fluid transit paths, the depth of fluid circulation and residence times in order to determine the area/volume of the crustal rocks that we are sampling. Finally, it is important that we make a first-order estimate of how globally we can extrapolate our results, by comparison of data from both old and young sites at the same spreading center.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Collaborative research: Large-scale, long-term, multi-directional, cross-hole experiments in the upper oceanic crust using a borehole observatory network
-
批准号:1029774
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$13.5万
-
财政年份:2010
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
RAPID: Funds to Complete Seafloor CORK Instrument Sleds for Imminent Deployment
-
批准号:1059501
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$12.5万
-
财政年份:2010
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
EAGER Collaborative Research: The Basalt-Hosted Biosphere Observatory at North Pond, Advanced Instrumentation for Transformative Science
-
批准号:0946381
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$14.77万
-
财政年份:2009
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Proposal: Microbial Ecology of Ocean Basement Aquifers: ODP Borehole Observatories
-
批准号:0604014
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$109.95万
-
财政年份:2007
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Collaborative research: Large-scale, long-term, multi-directional, cross-hole experiments in the upper oceanic crust using a borehole observatory network
-
批准号:0726838
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$6.78万
-
财政年份:2007
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: A three-dimensional, subseafloor, IODP observatory network in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, and initiation of large-scale, cross-hole experiments
-
批准号:0549910
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$6.62万
-
财政年份:2006
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
SGER: Design, Construction and Testing of Prototype Instrument for Contamination-Free Sampling of Crustal Fluids from Deep-Sea Boreholes
-
批准号:0434461
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$19.98万
-
财政年份:2004
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
(Non-TEP) Abiotic Particle Formation From Dissolved Organic Matter in Marine Environments: Possible Shunt to the Microbial Loop
-
批准号:0404420
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$0.0万
-
财政年份:2004
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Continuation Time-Series Responses to a Mid-Ocean Ridge Volcanic Event: Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges
-
批准号:0222069
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$12.63万
-
财政年份:2002
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
The Fate and Implications of Removal of Hydrothermally-Injected NH4+ from Plume Waters
-
批准号:0095297
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$44.28万
-
财政年份:2001
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Rapid Response to Diking/Eruptive Event at Axial Seamount, February, 1998
-
批准号:9810026
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$5.47万
-
财政年份:1998
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Time-Series Response to Mid-Ocean Ridge Volcanic Event: Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges
-
批准号:9812294
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$14.97万
-
财政年份:1998
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
S-EPR: Biogeochemical Evolution in Intense Hydrothermal Plumes Emanating from a Superfast Spreading Center
-
批准号:9618121
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$39.36万
-
财政年份:1997
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
LEXEN: Development of Capability to Measure Proxies of Microbial Activity within Ocean Crust (Collaborative Research)
-
批准号:9714286
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$14.14万
-
财政年份:1997
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Development of the Capability to Measure Proxies of Microbial Activity Within Oceanic Crust
-
批准号:9618243
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$25.07万
-
财政年份:1997
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Rapid Response to Gorda Ridge Diking/Eruptive Event: Intense Water Column (plume) and Seafloor Camera Surveys
-
批准号:9634637
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$5.52万
-
财政年份:1996
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Carbon and Mineral Fluxes from Hydrothermal Plumes: Biogeochemical Linkages with the Upper Water Column
-
批准号:9314591
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$39.98万
-
财政年份:1994
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Acquisition of Intergrated Analytical SEM: X-ray Image Analysis System
-
批准号:9314620
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$11.33万
-
财政年份:1993
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Studies on the Dynamics of Marine Snow and Particle Aggregation in the (Oligotrophic) North Pacific Gyre
-
批准号:9217514
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$20.99万
-
财政年份:1992
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
Microbial Contribution to the Removal of Mn from the Deep Sea: Extended Hydrothermal Vent Plumes
-
批准号:8711786
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$15.1万
-
财政年份:1987
-
负责人:James Cowen
-
依托单位:
海外基金