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Evolution of the olfactory system in Myriapoda

多足纲嗅觉系统的进化

基本信息

批准号：
129781388
负责人：
Professor Dr. Steffen Harzsch
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Cytologie und Evolutionsbiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/129781388?language=en
关键词：
Evolution olfactory system Myriapoda

项目摘要

Myriapods represent an arthropod lineage that, originating from a marine arthropod ancestor, most likely conquered land independently from hexapods. The successful transition from marine to terrestrial life requires a number of physiological adaptations that are important for survival out of water. The sensory organs of terrestrial species must be able to function in air rather than in water. In chemoreception, establishing aerial olfaction means that molecules need to be detected in gas phase instead of in water solution. In general, the neuroethology of myriapods and the architecture of their central nervous systems are poorly understood. In a set of preliminary experiments with the centipede Scutigera coleoptrata we analyzed the morphology of the antennae and the central olfactory pathway with scanning electron microscopy, serial semithin sectioning combined with 3D reconstruction, antennal backfilling with neuronal tracers, and immunofluorescence combined with confocal laser-scan microscopy. Furthermore, the ability of this animal to respond to airborne stimuli was tested in behavioral assays and electroantennogram recordings. These experiments collectively indicate a good sense of aerial olfaction in this species. Furthermore, the architecture of its olfactory neuropils is clearly distinct from hexapods and also from terrestrial crustaceans indicating an independent evolution of its olfactory sense in response to the conquest of land. We propose here to study the morphology of the central olfactory pathway in a broad range of other myriapods covering Chilopoda, Progoneata, Symphyla and combine these studies with behavioral essays. We will also include Scorpions as an outgroup. In a neurophylogenetic approach, our data will also be compared to the morphology of the olfactory systems in hexapods and crustaceans in order to extract data for reconstructing arthropod phylogeny and for understanding the evolution of arthropod olfactory systems.

多足类代表了一个节肢动物谱系，起源于海洋节肢动物的祖先，最有可能独立于六足类征服土地。从海洋生物到陆地生物的成功过渡需要一些生理适应，这些适应对于离开水的生存很重要。陆地物种的感觉器官必须能够在空气中而不是水中发挥作用。在化学感受中，建立空气嗅觉意味着需要在气相中而不是在水溶液中检测分子。一般来说，多足类的神经行为学和中枢神经系统的结构知之甚少。在一组与蜈蚣Scutigera coleoptrata的初步实验中，我们分析了天线的形态和中央嗅觉通路与扫描电子显微镜，连续半薄切片结合三维重建，触角神经元示踪剂，免疫荧光结合共聚焦激光扫描显微镜。此外，这种动物对空气中的刺激作出反应的能力进行了测试，在行为测定和触角电位记录。这些实验共同表明，在这个物种的空气嗅觉良好的感觉。此外，它的嗅觉神经柱的架构是明显不同于六足动物，也从陆地甲壳类动物，表明其嗅觉的独立进化，在土地的征服。在这里，我们建议研究中央嗅觉通路的形态在广泛的其他多足类，包括唇足类，Progoneata，综合类和联合收割机这些研究与行为的文章。我们也将蝎子作为一个外群。在神经系统发育的方法，我们的数据也将比较的嗅觉系统的形态在六足动物和甲壳类动物，以提取数据重建节肢动物的嗅觉系统和了解节肢动物的嗅觉系统的进化。