Physical and Biological Processes Linking the Sources of Larval Production to Subsequent Recruitment into Subtidal Benthic Communities

将幼虫生产来源与随后潮下底栖群落的招募联系起来的物理和生物过程

• 批准号: 9819489
• 负责人: Robert Whitlatch
• 金额: $ 28.4万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-01 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9819489&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Physical; Biological; Processes; Linking; Sources

Whitlach9819489This project will investigate the interplay between larval production, distribution, settlement, and recruitment and to determine how these factors influence differences in the structure and species composition of subtidal benthic communities. Previous studies using a newly developed automated sampling device indicate that recruitment of many invertebrate species occurs during slack water periods, particularly at low tide. This pattern may explain how some benthic species can maintain locally persistent populations even in turbulent environments. To assess the generality of this finding, Dr. Osman and collaborators will conduct a series of field investigations with four primary objectives. First, they will examine tidal hydrodynamics and associated transport withip an embayment in order to establish the patterns and correlations among water movement, larval distributions, and recruitment. Second, the scientists will investigate the spatial and temporal relationships between larval production, release, availability, and recruitment. Experiments will focus on three distinct groups of species; one with strong local source areas and shortlived (hours) larvae (colonial ascidians, bryozoans), a second group with equally strong local sources but with longer-lived (days) larvae (some solitary ascidians), and the third with a distributed regional source of long-lived larvae (e.g. barnacles). Third, investigators will examine how recruitment influences the establishment and long-term maintenance of sub-populations within a larger regional population. Experiments will quantify the immigration of recruits into an area, determine their survival rates, evaluate their ability to replicate and become a local population, and examine subsequent population maintenance through multiple generations. The field studies will combine newly-developed devices for measuring larvae and recruits of benthic species with standard techniques for measuring large-scale currents and local turbulence intensities. Finally, a numerical model will be developed to predict spatial distributions of larvae and recruits for species with different life histories. The model will combine knowledge of tidal flows with quantitative descriptions of larval production, distribution, settlement, and recruitment obtained from experiments. The model's sensitivity to plausible variations in these factors will be used to assess our ability to predict spatial and temporal variability in marine population and community dynamics.

Whitlach 9819489该项目将调查幼虫生产、分布、定居和补充之间的相互作用，并确定这些因素如何影响潮下带底栖生物群落结构和物种组成的差异。以往的研究使用一种新开发的自动采样装置表明，招聘的许多无脊椎动物物种发生在静水期，特别是在低潮。这种模式可以解释为什么有些底栖物种即使在动荡的环境中也能维持当地持久的种群。为了评估这一发现的普遍性，Osman博士和合作者将进行一系列实地调查，主要目标有四个。首先，他们将研究潮汐流体动力学和相关的运输withip一个海湾，以建立水运动，幼虫分布和招聘之间的模式和相互关系。其次，科学家们将调查幼虫生产，释放，可用性和招聘之间的空间和时间关系。实验将集中在三个不同的物种组;一个强大的本地来源地区和短命（小时）的幼虫（殖民海鞘，苔藓虫），第二组同样强大的本地来源，但与长寿（天）的幼虫（一些孤独的海鞘），第三个与分布的区域源的长寿幼虫（如藤壶）。第三，研究人员将研究招募如何影响在更大的区域人口中建立和长期维持亚群。实验将量化新兵进入一个地区的移民，确定他们的存活率，评估他们复制和成为当地人口的能力，并检查随后的多代人口维持。实地研究将联合收割机与测量大规模海流和当地湍流强度的标准技术相结合，使用新开发的测量底栖物种幼体和补充物种的装置。最后，将开发一个数值模型来预测具有不同生活史的物种的幼虫和新兵的空间分布。该模型将结合联合收割机知识的潮汐流与定量描述的幼虫生产，分布，解决方案，并从实验中获得的补充。该模型的敏感性，这些因素的合理变化将被用来评估我们的能力，以预测空间和时间的变化，在海洋人口和社区动态。