Modular and Versatile Spectroscopy Experiments for Physical Chemistry Laboratory

该提案概述了一系列模块化实验，这些实验将在两个方面帮助圣十字物理化学实验室“现代化”。第一种含义反映了内容的变化，从几乎完全涵盖热力学和动力学等“经典”宏观物理化学主题到量子和统计力学等“现代”微观主题。这种变化与物理化学讲座课程的主题顺序一致。“现代化”也用来表示“替换现有的过时设备”，用仪器仪表，将提供许多额外的服务年。有三组实验被提出。第一个课程是回顾学生在普通化学中所做的原子发射光谱实验室。通过对原子电子结构理论的量子力学处理，使学生能够真正体会到发射的量子化，能够定量地预测发射光谱的频率，定性地理解发射光谱中观察到的强度。第二组实验室研究双原子和CHaXb分子的振动光谱。这些测量包括使用红外吸收和拉曼光谱。一个完整的群理论正常模式分析是用来关联谱跃迁与特定的正常振动。最后一组实验室使用碘分子中的电子跃迁研究来获得对双原子势能曲线的直观理解。紫外可见吸收、激光诱导荧光和多光子电离光谱的解释将有助于实现这一重要目标。所要求的设备足以但绝不限于进行拟议的测量。氮泵浦染料激光器、探测器和计算机接口数据采集电子设备提供了一套多功能组件，可以以多种方式排列以完成不同类型的光谱学。所要求的化学部门的FT-Raman附件完成了这些实验室所需设备的清单。

This proposal outlines a series of modular experiments that would help "modernize" the Holy Cross physical chemistry laboratories in two respects. The first meaning reflects the change in content from covering almost exclusively the "classical" macroscopic physical chemistry topics of thermodynamics and kinetics to the "modern" microscopic subjects of quantum and statistical mechanics. This change parallels the sequence of topics covered in the physical chemistry lecture courses. "Modernize" is also used to mean "replace the existing outdated equipment" with instrumentation that will provide many additional years of service. There are three groups of experiments that are proposed. The first revisits the atomic emission spectroscopy laboratory that the students perform in general chemistry. After covering the quantum mechanical treatment of atomic electronic structure theory, the students will be ready to truly appreciate the quantization of the emission and will be able to quantitatively predict the frequencies and qualitatively understand the intensities observed in the emission spectra. The second set of laboratories investigates the vibrational spectroscopy of diatomic as well as CHaXb molecules. These measurements involve use both infrared absorption and Raman spectroscopy. A full group theoretical normal-mode analysis is used to correlate he spectral transitions with specific normal vibrations. The last group of laboratories uses a study of electronic transitions in molecular iodine to gain an intuitive understanding of diatomic potential energy curves. The interpretation of UV-Visible absorption, laser-induced fluorescence, and multiphoton ionization spectra will help accomplish this important goal. The equipment requested is sufficient for but in no way limited to making the proposed measurements. The nitrogen-pumped dye laser, detectors, and the computer-interfaced data acquisition electronics provide for a versatile set of components that can be arranged in many ways to accomplish d ifferent types of spectroscopy. The requested FT-Raman attachment for the chemistry department completes the list of equipment needed for these laboratories.