Substorm Intensity and Pre-onset Near-Earth Tail Configurations

调查人员将通过统计调查作为亚暴强度函数的发作前磁结构来研究近地亚暴过程。 亚暴是磁层中最具动态的现象，对其能量学的理解是磁层物理学中的一个突出问题。 这项研究将利用相关的地面磁力计数据和卫星测量结果。 亚暴强度将通过中纬度地面磁力计的磁扰动幅度来测量。 将通过将观测结果与磁场模型进行比较来评估亚暴爆发前磁尾的伸展情况。 该项目将从统计学上研究爆发前的尾磁结构及其与随后亚暴强度的关系。 通过研究局部偶极开始的时间延迟，研究人员将研究尾电流中断的空间发展及其对亚暴强度的依赖性。 该项目还将提供关于通过近地磁场观测预测亚暴强度能力的有用信息。

The investigators will study near-Earth substorm processes by statistically investigating the pre-onset magnetic configuration as a function of substorm intensity. A substorm is the most dynamic magnetospheric phenomenon, and understanding its energetics is one of the outstanding questions in magnetospheric physics. This study will make use of correlated ground magnetometer data and satellite measurements. The substorm intensity will be measured by the amplitude of magnetic perturbations in mid-latitude ground magnetometers. The stretching of the magnetotail before substorm onsets will be evaluated by comparing observations with magnetic field models. The project will statistically examine the pre-onset tail magnetic configuration and its relationship to the intensity of the subsequent substorm. By examining the time delay of a local onset of dipolarization, the investigators will examine the spatial development of tail current disruption and its dependence on substorm intensity. The project will also provide useful information about the prediction capability of substorm intensity from near-Earth magnetic field observations.