Collaborative Research: Time-Series Responses to a Mid- Ocean Ridge Volcanic Event: Juan de Fuca and Gorda Ridges

脊轴堤堤/喷发事件是一种偶发性扰动，它触发了一系列与海洋地壳形成有关的相互关联且迅速演变的物理、化学和生物过程。火山活动产生的热液排放具有明显的地球化学特征，并在邻近地壳和上覆水柱中引发特定的地球化学和微生物反应。观测和量化相关过程之间的共变为目前尚不成熟的海底火山-热液系统模型提供了基本的新约束。热液羽流中的化学和生物参数变化迅速，在它们排放并随后在深海中混合之后的几秒钟到几天内，变化速度最快。在这里，我们建议对远程检测到的MOR火山事件进行全面快速和后续的现场响应。我们的项目强调时间序列观测和实验的关键动态物理，地球化学和地球微生物性质的一个不断发展的热液事件羽。对这些事件的快速反应将使我们：(1)获得不受老化影响的初始通量；(2)研究热液事件羽流的化学和生物演化，为热液流出物内部的转化监测提供了一种自然的、暂时受限的实验；(3)利用事件羽流作为研究地下生物圈的宝贵窗口。

Ridge axis diking/eruptive events are episodic perturbations that trigger a sequence of interrelated and rapidly evolving physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the formation of ocean crust. Volcanic activity produces hydrothermal discharge with a distinct geochemical signature, and triggers specific geochemical and microbial responses in the adjuacent crust and overlying water-column. Observing and quantifying co-variation among related processes provides basic new constraints on presently immature models of submarine volcano-hydrothermal systems. Chemical and biological parameters within hydrothermal plumes change rapidly, with the steepest rate of change occurring over seconds to days following their discharge and subseuent mixing in the deep sea. Here we propose to mount comprehensive rapid and follow-up field responses to a remotely detected MOR volcanic event. Our project emphasizes time-series observations and experiments on key dynamic physical, geochemical, and geomicrobial properties of an evolving hydrothermal event plume. A rapid response to these events will allow us: (1) to obtain the initial flux--that unaffected by aging; (2) to study the chemical and biological evolution of hydrothermal event plumes, representing a natural, temporarily constrained experiment for monitoring transformations within hydrothermal effuents; (3) to exploit event plumes as an invaluable window to the subsurface biosphere.