Implications of Catchment Structure for Time-Varying Hydrological and Hydrochemical Response in a Forested Headwater Catchment

流域结构对森林源头流域时变水文和水化学响应的影响

• 批准号: 9902945
• 负责人: George Hornberger
• 金额: $ 20.74万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-10-01 至 2003-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9902945&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Implications; Catchment; Structure; Time; Varying

Catchment structure, both surface topography and subsurface permeability, is an important determinant of catchment response to precipitation events. Stream water chemistry is in turn influenced by time-varying flow paths that characterize hydrological response. Although much progress has been made in recent years in understanding the flow paths and how chemical composition of waters reflect these paths, the impact of different simplifying assumptions underlying current models have not been explored systematically. In particular, the dynamics of a subsurface stormflow zone above a regional water table have not been addressed fully even though water in the vadose zone plays a major role in determining stream water chemistry. An explicit accounting of soil moisture must be part of an adequate quantification of catchment hydrochemical response. The goal of the study is to develop a quantitative and predictive physically-based model of the hydrological response of a saprolite-granite catchment and to explore the importance of surface topography and subsurface structure in determining catchment hydrochemical response.

集水区结构，包括地表地形和地下渗透率，是集水区对降水响应的重要决定因素。 河流水化学反过来又受到随时间变化的流动路径的影响，水文响应的特点。 虽然近年来在理解水流路径以及沃茨的化学成分如何反映这些路径方面取得了很大进展，但尚未系统地探讨当前模型所依据的不同简化假设的影响。 特别是，一个区域地下水位以上的地下暴雨流区的动态尚未得到充分解决，即使在包气带中的水起着重要的作用，在确定流水化学。 土壤湿度的明确核算必须是集水水化学反应充分量化的一部分。 研究的目标是建立一个定量和预测性的物理模型的水文响应的腐岩花岗岩流域，并探讨表面地形和地下结构的重要性，在确定流域水化学响应。