NERC-NSFGEO SMARTWATER: Diagnosing controls of pollution hot spots and hot moments and their impact on catchment water quality

这是一个由国家科学基金会地球科学理事会（NSF/GEO）和联合王国国家环境研究理事会（NERC）通过NSF/GEO-NERC牵头机构协议联合资助的项目。该协议允许美国/英国提交一份联合提案，并由研究者拥有最大预算比例的机构进行同行评审。一旦成功地共同确定了一项奖励建议，每个机构就为支助各自国家机构科学家的预算部分提供资金。河水污染对人类和环境健康、经济繁荣和水安全都有影响。传感和数据科学的最新进展为识别和理解复杂景观中水污染的来源、动态和后果的方法的逐步改变提供了前所未有的机会。拟议的“SmartWater”项目将在实验分析、数据科学和数学建模方面产生创新，以产生对不断变化的水世界中多污染物污染热点（位置）和热点时刻（时间）的动态驱动因素的新的机械理解。SmartWater将环境传感、机器学习和数学建模与利益相关者的流域知识相结合，以改变我们诊断、理解、预测和管理水污染热点和热点时刻的方式。SmartWater将为改善决策支持和水质管理框架提供基础，这些框架将由合作伙伴利益相关者共同开发和实施。SmartWater的多学科、NERC-NSF合作团队将通过结合下一代水污染监测、大数据分析、数值模型和集水区知识，解开决定水质的复杂物理、化学和生物控制。这种诊断和预测水污染热点和热点时刻出现的新能力，以及集水水质动态和水质管理的结果，将在联合王国和美国的实验观测站进行演示。SmartWater将与利益相关者社区合作，共同创造成功实施实用和政策相关的水质管理实践的途径。SmartWater将通过确定非线性污染热点和热点时刻对集水水质动态的影响，直接支持面对区域气候和环境变化的未来管理战略的设计和实施。这将提高对河流流域局部暴露变化的理解，以及污染物的大规模质量通量及其下游出口。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This is a project jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate for Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award recommendation, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget that supports scientists at institutions in their respective countries. River water pollution has consequences for human and environmental health, economic prosperity, and water security. Recent advances in sensing and data science provide unprecedented opportunities for a step change in the approaches used to identify and understand sources, dynamics, and consequences of water pollution in complex landscapes. The proposed “SmartWater” project will generate innovations in experimental analytics, data science and mathematical modelling to yield new mechanistic understanding of the dynamic drivers of multi-contaminant pollution hotspots (locations) and hot moments (times) in a changing water world. SmartWater will integrate environmental sensing, machine learning, and mathematical modelling with stakeholders' catchment knowledge to transform the way we diagnose, understand, predict, and manage water pollution hotspots and hot moments. SmartWater will provide the basis for improved decision-support and water quality management frameworks, which will be developed with and implemented by partner stakeholders.SmartWater’s multi-disciplinary, NERC-NSF collaborative team will unravel the complex physical, chemical, and biological controls that determine water quality by combining next-generation water pollution monitoring, big data analysis, numerical models, and catchment knowledge. This new capability to diagnose and predict the emergence of water pollution hotspots and hot moments, and outcomes for catchment water quality dynamics and water quality management will be demonstrated at experimental observatories in the United Kingdom and the United States. SmartWater will work with stakeholder communities to co-create pathways for successfully implementing practical and policy-relevant water quality management practices. SmartWater will directly support design and implementation of future management strategies in the face of regional climate and environmental change by determining the impact of non-linear pollution hotspots and hot moments on catchment water quality dynamics. This will improve understanding of changing local exposures in river basins as well as large-scale mass fluxes of pollutants and their downstream export.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.