Dissertation Research: United States Supreme Court Influence on State Lawmaking

论文研究：美国最高法院对州立法的影响

• 批准号: 9904929
• 负责人: Jonathan Casper
• 金额: $ 1.18万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2001-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9904929&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; United; States; Supreme

The United States Supreme Court has struck down approximately 140 federal laws because they violated the United States Constitution, while over 1,100 state laws have been struck down as unconstitutional. Yet despite the Court's greater activity in striking down non-federal laws, little is known about state legislators' views of the Supreme Court, their knowledge of the Constitution and Supreme Court decisions, and the role of federal constitutional considerations in state legislative processes. On the other hand, such questions pertaining to Congress are regularly studied. This project seeks to uncover variation across legislators and legislatures in answering the following central question: To what extent do the United States Supreme Court and the United States Constitution constrain state lawmaking? The methodology employed to answer this question is empirical, using results from mailed surveys of state legislators, bill drafting office attorneys, and State Attorney General office attorneys sampled from all 50 states, in addition to more detailed examinations of four case study states.

美国最高法院已经推翻了大约140项联邦法律，因为它们违反了美国宪法，同时有1100多项州法律因违宪而被推翻。然而，尽管最高法院在废除非联邦法律方面开展了更多的活动，但关于州立法者对最高法院的看法、他们对宪法和最高法院裁决的了解以及联邦宪法考虑在州立法过程中的作用，人们知之甚少。另一方面，与国会有关的这类问题也经常被研究。这个项目试图通过回答以下核心问题来揭示立法者和立法机构之间的差异：美国最高法院和美国宪法在多大程度上限制州立法？回答这个问题所采用的方法是经验性的，使用了对所有50个州的州立法者、法案起草办公室律师和州总检察长办公室律师的邮寄调查结果，以及对四个案例研究州的更详细的检查。