Doctoral Dissertation Research: Resilience-Building and Adversity Management in the Post-Welfare United States

博士论文研究：后福利时代美国的复原力建设和逆境管理

• 批准号: 1918159
• 负责人: Eugene Raikhel
• 金额: $ 1.99万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2021-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1918159&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Resilience; Building

Resilience-Building and Adversity Management in the Post-Welfare United States The research supported by this award investigates ethnographically how people make sense of and manage experiences of adversity in the postwelfare United States, by examining resilience-building initiatives in Flint, Michigan following the city's 2014 water crisis. Over the past two decades, welfare reform in the U.S. has significantly diminished public assistance for marginalized populations. At the same time, "resilience-building" has become a national strategy for enabling communities to withstand, adapt to, or recover from adversity. However, the goals of resilience-building appear paradoxical in contexts like Flint, where the crisis remains ongoing, adversity is chronic, and the imperative to thrive coincides directly with austerity policies that continue to severely decrease welfare provision for residents. This project, which provides funding for the training of a graduate student in anthropology in scientific methods of rigorous data collection and analysis, will examine how the goals of resilience-building intersect with the ways that people experience, understand, and manage adversity in Flint, this project will provide key insight into the relationship between welfare state retrenchment, adversity-management, and collective life in the contemporary U.S. Talia Gordon, a doctoral student at the University of Chicago, will conduct 18 months of ethnographic research in Flint, Michigan, with the oversight of Dr. Eugene Raikhel. A former hub of automotive manufacturing, Flint has become a national symbol of post-industrial decline. The 2014 water crisis drew further attention to the devastating consequences of continued disinvestment by state and federal administrations in an already socioeconomically disadvantaged community. In response to the crisis, the U.S. government expressed a commitment to support Flint's "recovery and resilience." Since 2016, this commitment has materialized in a number of initiatives specifically dedicated to building resilience in Flint. To understand why and to what consequence resilience-building has become the primary strategy for helping individuals and communities manage adversity in the postwelfare U.S., the researcher will conduct participant-observation across an array of sites dedicated to adversity-management in Flint. Findings from these sites will be enriched through ethnographic interviews with residents and other social actors involved in adversity-management practices; contextualized through analyses of discourse at each site; and supplemented by analyses of local news media, curricula, pamphlets, and online sources. The researcher will focus on 1) how resilience-building discourses and practices are enacted; that is, made socially meaningful 2) how these discourses and practices correspond with or diverge from local experiences and understandings of adversity and 3) how local value-frameworks inform adversity management. Findings from this research will contribute to understanding how and to what effects resilience-building discourses and practices are taken up by people in marginalized communities. The research will also contribute to building more robust social scientific understanding of how people experience, manage, and make sense of adversity in postwelfare settings.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持的研究通过研究密歇根州弗林特市2014年水危机后的顺从性建设计划，从人种学角度调查了人们如何理解和管理后福利美国的逆境经历。在过去的二十年里，美国的福利改革大大减少了对边缘化人群的公共援助。与此同时，“建立自制力”已成为使社区能够承受、适应或从逆境中恢复的国家战略。然而，在弗林特这样的环境中，建立秩序的目标似乎是自相矛盾的，危机仍在持续，逆境是长期的，繁荣的必要性与继续严重减少居民福利的紧缩政策直接重合。这个项目，它提供了严格的数据收集和分析的科学方法的人类学研究生的培训资金，将研究如何建立服从的目标与人们的经验，理解和管理弗林特逆境的方式交叉，这个项目将提供福利国家紧缩，逆境管理，芝加哥大学的博士生塔利亚·戈登将在尤金·雷克尔博士的监督下，在密歇根州弗林特市进行为期18个月的民族志研究。作为前汽车制造业中心，弗林特已成为后工业时代衰落的国家象征。2014年的水危机进一步引起了人们对州和联邦行政部门继续撤资对社会经济已经处于不利地位的社区造成的毁灭性后果的关注。为了应对危机，美国政府表示将致力于支持弗林特的“复苏和恢复能力”。“自2016年以来，这一承诺已经在一系列专门致力于在弗林特建立复原力的举措中实现。为了理解为什么以及什么后果，在后福利时代的美国，自律建设已经成为帮助个人和社区管理逆境的主要策略，研究人员将在弗林特一系列致力于逆境管理网站上进行参与观察。这些网站的调查结果将通过对居民和参与逆境管理实践的其他社会行为者的民族志采访来丰富;通过分析每个网站的话语来进行情境化;并通过分析当地新闻媒体，课程，小册子和在线资源来补充。研究人员将专注于1）如何制定的顺应性建设的话语和实践;也就是说，使社会意义2）这些话语和实践如何对应或偏离当地的经验和逆境的理解和3）当地的价值框架如何通知逆境管理。这项研究的结果将有助于了解边缘化社区的人们如何以及如何影响建立服从的话语和做法。该研究还将有助于建立更强大的社会科学的理解人们如何体验，管理，并在福利后设置逆境的感觉。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Reimagining the Commons: Survival Ethics and Collective Endurance

重新想象公地：生存伦理和集体耐力

• DOI: 10.1002/nad.12141
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal for the Anthropology of North America
• 作者: Burnett, Hannah Eisler;Gordon, Talia R.
• 通讯作者: Gordon, Talia R.