Global Positioning System Measurements of Crustal Motion in Antarctica

该奖项由极地项目办公室的南极地质和地球物理项目提供，为继续与NASA合作开发自主的、持续运行的南极洲全球定位系统（GPS）站提供资金。下一年该项目的目标是维持现有两个自主GPS站的运作，为这些站进行电力和电子系统的进一步发展工作，并分析和公布现有数据。横贯南极山脉（TAM）连续GPS阵列的目的是测量由冰川均衡、粘弹性和近期冰块变化的弹性响应以及构造力引起的垂直和水平位移分量。该阵列将为冰川后反弹模型提供关键的独立约束，这反过来将改善未来卫星任务对当今冰块平衡的估计。其中包括重力恢复和大气变化实验（GRACE）双卫星对卫星跟踪重力任务，以及冰、云和陆地高程卫星（ICESat）任务将使用地球科学激光测高仪系统（GLAS）对冰盖地形进行重复测量。在未来一年，我们建议：(1)进行必要的维修和保养，以维持这两个站的运作；(2)在麦克默多发射场的风力发电机试验场进行维护；(3)对垂直轴风力涡轮机（与目前部署在Mt Coates的相同）进行静态和动态有限元分析（FEA），并将其纳入系统试验台，在环境和液氮温度下进行端到端系统测试。FEA将揭示涡轮机的预期故障模式，使我们能够更好地了解机组对预期恶劣条件的适用性，并指导设计修改，以改进极端条件（风速超过150英里/小时[66米/秒]）的设计。最后，我们将进行进一步深入的数据分析，以评估我们的两个站点和其他永久GPS站点在现有的冰川后反弹引起的南极板块变形预测方面的结果。

9909467RaymondThis award, provided by the Antarctic Geology and Geophysics Program of the Office of Polar Programs, provides funds for continuation of an effort, in collaboration with NASA, to develop autonomous, continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in Antarctica. The objectives of the project for the coming year are to maintain operations at the two existing autonomous GPS stations, carry out further development work on the power and electronics systems for the stations, and analyze and publish existing data. The purpose of the Transantarctic Mountains (TAM) continuous GPS array is to measure vertical and horizontal displacement components resulting from glacial isostasy, viscoelastic, and elastic response to recent ice mass changes, and tectonic forces. The array will provide critical independent constraints on post-glacial rebound models, which in turn will improve the estimate of present-day ice mass balance from future satellite missions. These include the Gravity Recovery and Atmospheric Change Experiment (GRACE) dual satellite-to-satellite tracking gravity mission, and repeated measurements of the topography of the ice sheet to be made using the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) by the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) mission. During the next year, we propose to: (1) maintain operations at these two stations, by performing necessary repairs and maintenance; (2) perform maintenance at the wind generator test site at the McMurdo Transmitter Site; (3) perform static and dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) of a vertical axis wind turbine (same as is currently deployed at Mt Coates), and incorporate it into a system test-bed for end-to-end system testing at ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures. The FEA will reveal the expected failure modes of the turbine to allow us to better understand the suitability of the unit to the harsh conditions expected, and also guide design modifications that may improve the design for the extreme conditions (winds in excess of 150 mph [66 m/s]). Finally, we will perform further in-depth data analysis to evaluate the results of our two sites and other permanent GPS sites in terms of existing predictions of post-glacial rebound induced deformation of the Antarctic plate.