Collaborative Research: WinDSSOcK: Winter Distribution and Success of Southern Ocean Krill

该项目通过发展南极冬季冰雪覆盖的演变、生物栖息地的可变性和海洋生态过程的季节性进程之间的关系，为协调努力了解生物和物理动力学的相互作用作出了贡献。这项工作将在全球海洋生态系统动力学研究(GLOBEC)南大洋实验的背景下进行，GLOBEC是一项关于南极半岛西侧玛格丽特湾附近南极海冰下磷虾冬季生存策略的大型多调查者研究。该项目的目标是在玛格丽特湾附近的大陆架上开发和部署一系列系泊设施。这些设备将包括电流计、盐度和温度传感器、浮游动物浓度、跟踪冰层运动的向上俯视声学探测仪，以及声学多普勒海流剖面仪。拟议的系泊设计将量化和表征流入和流出的水团，并为综合建模工作提供物理组件。玛格丽特湾外大陆架上的水团由流入的上环极深水组成，相对温暖、咸化、贫氧和营养丰富。在冬季，大气过程冷却和淡化这些水，并用氧气补充它，产生南极地表水，这些水向海洋扩散，支持海冰覆盖和以磷虾为基础的高产食物网。该项目产生的观测结果将量化假定的通过海湾的顺时针流动的空间和时间变化，并确定由风暴和南极绕极洋流向南蜿蜒驱动的潮汐和瞬变流动。

This project is a contribution to a coordinated attempt to understand the interactions of biological and physical dynamics by developing relationships among the evolution of the antarctic winter ice and snow cover, biological habitat variability, and the seasonal progression of marine ecological processes. The work will be carried out in the context of the Southern Ocean Experiment of the Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics Study (Globec), a large, multi-investigator study of the winter survival strategy of krill under the antarctic sea ice in the vicinity of Marguerite Bay on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula.The objective of this project is to develop and deploy a series of moorings on the continental shelf off Marguerite Bay. These will include current meters, salinity and temperature sensors, zooplankton concentration, upward-looking acoustic sounders to track ice motion, and acoustic doppler current profilers. The proposed mooring design will quantify and characterize the inflowing and outflowing water masses and provide the physical component for the integrated modeling effort. The mooring data will be supplemented by instrumented drifters that track surface flow.The water masses on the continental shelf off Marguerite Bay consist of inflowing Upper Circumpolar Deep Water, which is relatively warm, salty, oxygen-poor, and nutrient-rich. In winter atmospheric processes cool and freshen this water, and recharge it with oxygen to produce Antarctic Surface Water which is diffused seaward, and supports both a sea ice cover and a productive krill-based food web. The observations produced by this project will quantify the spatial and temporal variability of the presumed clockwise flow through the bay, and define the tidal and transient flows driven by storms and southward meanders of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.***