Collaborative Research: Incorporation of Sensors into Autonomous Gliders for 4-D Measurement of Bio-Optical and Chemical Parameters

9911036埃里克森这项研究项目是在国家海洋伙伴计划(NOPP)的赞助下进行的。合作伙伴包括大学。缅因州，大学。华盛顿的几家商业仪器制造商和两家地方政府机构。该项目涉及海洋科学对新的海洋观测能力的需求，以便连续、高分辨率地测量海洋过程，其中包括表征涉及海洋中的化学和生物变量以及物理变量的过程的分布、机制和速率。总体目标是为小型(1.8米，52公斤)自主水下滑翔机增加新的能力，这种滑翔机使用可变浮力控制和机翼进行水平和垂直移动。它可以从水面到2000米或更少的地方进行数百次发射循环，每次浮出水面时实时报告数据(包括GPS位置)，并从岸上重新编程。将开发新的传感器，并将其集成到溶解氧和海水的各种固有光学属性的系统中，所有这些都将作为物理属性在时间和空间尺度上进行测量。该项目包括开发新的传感器，对几个现有的传感器进行小型化，以及广泛的现场测试。研究团队包括工业合作伙伴、致力于实际社会/科学问题的地方政府；生物、物理和光学海洋学家；以及从8年级到研究生院的教育努力。该项目的具体目标是：-扩大自主水下滑翔机的开发，使其能够在同一时间和空间、实时和在不同的环境中测量生物、光学、物理和化学变量；-开发小型、轻型、低功率传感器，用于测量溶解氧、海水的固有光学性质(IOP)、叶绿素a荧光(浮游植物生物量的主要替代品)和其他荧光化合物；-用地面实况测量验证滑翔机收集的高质量数据；-展示滑翔机进行实时、数据自适应采样的能力；-加强对普吉特湾主要物理和生物参数的动态的了解，这些参数对于评估人类对水质的影响是必不可少的；-展示滑翔机通过在适当的尺度上采样来显著改进卫星海洋颜色数据的有效性的能力；以及-让本科生和研究生参与工程测试和研究应用。最新开发的IOPS和叶绿素a荧光光学传感器将很容易适应其他平台，因此可以方便和迅速地提供给一般海洋学界。此外，滑翔机将能够在普吉特湾以外的地区作业，包括沿海和公海环境。

9911036EriksenThis research project is conducted under the auspices of the National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP). Partners include the Univ. of Maine, Univ. of Washington, several commercial instrument manufacturers, and two local government agencies. The project addresses an ocean sciences requirement for new ocean observational capabilities for continuous, high-resolution measure-ments of oceanic processes that include characterization of distributions, mechanisms, and rates of processes involving chemical and biological variables together with physical variables in the ocean. The overall objective is to add new capabilities to a small (1.8 m, 52 kg) autonomous underwater glider that moves horizontally and vertically using variable buoyancy control and wings. It can perform hundreds of cycles per launch from surface to 2,000 m or less, report data back (including GPS location) in real time upon each surfacing, and be reprogrammed from shore. New sensors will be developed and integrated into the system for dissolved oxygen and various inherent optical properties of seawater, all measured at the same time and space scales as physical properties. The project encompasses development of new sensors, miniaturization of several extant sensors and extensive field tests. The research team includes industrial partners, local governments working on practical societal/scientific issues; biological, physical and optical oceanographers; and an education effort from 8th grade through graduate school. The specific goals of this project are:- to extend development of an autonomous, underwater glider to be capable of measuring biological, optical, physical and chemical variables on the same time and space sales, in real time, and in diverse environments;- to develop small, light-weight, low-power sensors for measuring dissolved oxygen, inherent optical properties (IOPs) of seawater, chlorophyll a fluorescence (the primary surrogate for phytoplankton biomass), and other fluorescing compounds;- to verify with ground-truth measurements the high quality data collected by the glider;- to demonstrate the glider's capabilities for real-time, data-adaptive sampling;- to enhance understanding of the dynamics of key physical and biological parameters in Puget Sound that are essential to assessing human impacts on water quality;- to demonstrate the glider's ability to significantly improve validation of satellite ocean color data by sampling at the appropriate scales; and - to engage undergraduates and graduate students in engineering tests and research applications.The newly developed optical sensors for IOPs and chlorophyll a fluorescence would be easily adaptable to other platforms, and hence be easily and rapidly available to the general oceanographic community. Also, the glider will be able to operate in areas beyond Puget Sound including both coastal and open-ocean environments.