The Secularisation of Religious Vocabulary against the Background of Social Change - Polish, Czech, Slovak and German

该项目于2011年冬天启动，目的是完成德语、波兰语、斯洛伐克语和捷克语宗教词汇的在线比较词典。这本词典是作为比较语言学和文化学研究的参考工具而设计的。数字词典的网址是www.hu-berlin.de /sacrumprofanum/index.html（该网站目前尚未公开）。但是，可以使用用户名dfg和密码（lex2012）进行访问。该项目的主要目标之一是描述原本宗教术语的世俗化使用。词典的宏观结构包括67个引理，这些引理应该代表当代标准语言中使用的宗教词汇的核心。从内涵、词汇关系、构词、搭配、习语和谚语等方面对这些词进行了描述。因此，他们的意义的不同方面有望被揭示。有限的引词集允许比通常在描述性词典中找到的更详细的语义分析，并使我们能够描述多义词和单词用法的新趋势等方面。此外，该词典还将提供1945年以来在四个语言社区的社会文化差异背景下词源学和语义变化的信息。在宗教话语之外使用宗教词汇的例子有很多，这些例子来自广告和其他大众文化领域。词典分析的结果随后在专门的文章中讨论。该项目不仅依赖词典编纂工作，而且充分利用了国家语料库。收集到的数据由这四种语言的母语人士进行双重检查。对上述四种中欧语言中宗教词汇的使用进行比较分析，可以深入了解词汇世俗化的机制，这不仅对斯拉夫语和一般语言学，而且对其他研究领域都很有价值。

The aim of the project, which started in the winter of 2011, is to complete a comparative online dictionary of German, Polish, Slovak and Czech religious vocabulary. The dictionary is designed as a reference tool for comparative linguistic and culturological research. The digital dictionary will be accessible at the web address www2.hu-berlin.de/sacrumprofanum/index.html (the web site is cur-rently not publicly available. Access, however, is possible with the user name dfg and the pass¬word lex2012). One of the main goals of the project is to describe the secularized use of originally religious terms. The macrostructure of the dictionary comprises 67 lemmas which are supposed to represent the core of the religious vocabulary used in contemporary standard language. The lem-mas are described from different points of view, such as connotations, lexical relations, word for-mation, collocations, idiomatic phrases and proverbs. Thus, the different facets of their meaning are expected to be revealed. The limited set of lemmas allows for a more detailed semantic analy¬sis than is usually found in descriptive dictionaries and enables us to describe such aspects as polysemy and new trends in word usage. Besides, the dictionary will offer information on etymol¬ogy and semantic change since 1945 against the background of socio-cultural differences between the four language communities in question. The use of religious vocabulary outside religious dis¬course is illustrated with numerous examples from advertisements and other spheres of mass cul¬ture. The results of the lexicographic analyses are subsequently discussed in special articles. The project relies not only on lexicographic works but also makes ample use of national corpora. The collected data are double-checked by native speakers of the four languages. A comparative analy¬sis of the use of religious vocabulary in the four Central European languages mentioned yields an insight into the mechanisms of lexical secularization that will be valuable not only for Slavic and general linguistics but also for other fields of research.