The Contribution of Genetic and Environmental Maternal Effects to Life History Evolution

遗传和环境母体效应对生命史进化的贡献

• 批准号: 9974126
• 负责人: Laura Galloway
• 金额: $ 22.7万
• 依托单位: University of Virginia Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-07-15 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9974126&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Contribution; Genetic; Environmental; Maternal; Effects

9974126GallowayMaternal environments may influence the expression of traits in their offspring. These maternal effects can alter evolutionary change in response to selection, creating lag times, negative or cyclical responses, or lack of change. In addition, if genetically based, maternal environmental effects may themselves contribute to adaptive evolution. Despite theoretical and empirical results demonstrating the potential contribution of maternal effects to evolution, we know almost nothing about their prevalence in natural populations. The proposed research addresses this gap in our knowledge. Previous work with Campanula americana, an herbaceous plant, suggests that maternal effects contribute to the maintenance of annual and biennial life histories. Using a quantitative genetic approach, maternal genetic and environmental effects on life history will be evaluated. By carrying this approach to two environments, the explicit contribution of maternal environmental effects to adaptive evolution will be quantified. Investigating the interaction between maternal effects and response to selection will increase our understanding of multigenerational processes in evolution and the role of the environment in modifying evolutionary change. Understanding mechanisms of adaptive evolution is central for predicting response to environmental change.

9974126Galloway母体环境可能会影响其后代的性状表达。这些母体效应可以改变响应选择的进化变化，产生滞后时间、负面或周期性反应，或缺乏变化。 此外，如果基于遗传，母体环境影响本身可能有助于适应性进化。尽管理论和实证结果证明了母体效应对进化的潜在贡献，但我们对其在自然群体中的普遍程度几乎一无所知。 拟议的研究解决了我们知识中的这一空白。先前对美洲风铃草（一种草本植物）的研究表明，母体效应有助于维持一年和两年的生命史。 使用定量遗传方法，将评估母体遗传和环境对生活史的影响。 通过将这种方法应用于两种环境，母体环境影响对适应性进化的明确贡献将被量化。研究母体效应和选择反应之间的相互作用将增加我们对进化中多代过程以及环境在改变进化变化中的作用的理解。了解适应性进化机制对于预测对环境变化的反应至关重要。