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Using Manipulated Phenotypes to Evaluate the Contribution of Maternal Effects to Life History Evolution in an Herbaceous Plant

利用操纵表型评估母体效应对草本植物生命史进化的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
0316298
负责人：
Laura Galloway
金额：
$ 39.78万
依托单位：
University of Virginia Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-07-01 至 2009-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0316298&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Using Manipulated Phenotypes Evaluate Contribution

项目摘要

The contribution of parents to their offspring often extends beyond genes. For example, maternal body size and nutritional condition influences offspring trait expression in many species. Although such maternal effects have been widely documented, the extent to which they influence evolution in natural populations is not known. This research will use the herbaceous plant Campanula americana as a model system to (1) evaluate a mechanistic model of maternal effects in a natural population, and to (2) fit a quantitative genetic model to determine the importance of maternal effects for evolution. Artificial selection and controlled growth environments will be used to create genetic and environmentally based changes in the expression of maternal traits. The consequences of these manipulations for offspring trait expression will be evaluated under natural conditions and associated with offspring success. Theory predicts that maternal effects may cause delayed, negative or cyclical responses to selection. Understanding the importance of these intergenerational effects through empirical studies and fitting genetic models will enable more accurate predictions of evolutionary response to natural and man-made changes in the environment. Such predictive models are necessary for evolutionary biology to contribute to conservation, epidemiological, and agricultural challenges. The project will also provide training opportunities to postdoctoral and undergraduate researchers.

父母对后代的贡献往往超出了基因。例如，在许多物种中，母体的体型和营养状况影响后代的性状表达。虽然这种母性效应已被广泛记录，但它们对自然种群进化的影响程度尚不清楚。本研究将以草本植物美洲风铃草（Campanula americana）为模型系统，（1）评估自然种群中母体效应的机制模型，（2）拟合数量遗传模型以确定母体效应对进化的重要性。人工选择和受控的生长环境将被用来创造基于遗传和环境的母性特征表达的变化。将在自然条件下评估这些操作对后代性状表达的影响，并与后代的成功相关。理论预测，母性效应可能会导致选择的延迟，消极或周期性反应。通过实证研究和拟合遗传模型来理解这些代际效应的重要性，将能够更准确地预测环境中自然和人为变化的进化反应。这种预测模型对于进化生物学为保护、流行病学和农业挑战做出贡献是必要的。该项目还将为博士后和本科生研究人员提供培训机会。