Collaborative Research on the History of Cartography

该项目将产生一系列关于20世纪地图学历史的探索性论文，这些论文将构成《地图学史》第六卷的基础，《地图学史》是一部多卷的关于制图历史在技术、文化和社会背景下的参考著作。由于关于二十世纪的二手文献很少，主要研究人员将指导从2000年夏季会议的“研究提案征集”中选出的11位学者进行研究，在该会议上，将评估可用资源的类型和与第六卷相关的问题种类。这些作者将参加一个正式的专业会议，并在2002年夏季发表基于他们研究结果的论文。这次会议所发表的论文集——将于2003年出现在一份主要期刊的特别双刊上——将成为第六卷中更大、更充分发展的章节的基础。研究将集中于20世纪制图学的关键技术发展。这些主题为信息科学的许多方面提供了试金石：信息收集（测量，全球定位系统，航空摄影，遥感），计算机基础设施和平面设计，以及地理空间信息的获取（地图和地理信息科学图书馆）。除了这些技术变革之外，还有许多社会问题，这些问题塑造了制图技术，并受其影响。现在地图的使用比历史上任何时候都要广泛。在我们试图从学术和实践的意义上理解个人和社会的世界观时，它们是不可或缺的。它们是人类认知和交流历史上的重要篇章，在组织地理知识和可视化地理数据模式方面发挥着重要作用。地图是科学研究空间洞察力的基本来源之一。

This project will produce a series of exploratory papers on the history of twentieth-century cartography that will form the foundation of Volume Six of The History of Cartography, a multi-volume reference work of the history of mapping in its technological, cultural, and social contexts. Since very little secondary literature has been written on the twentieth century, the principal investigators will direct the research of eleven scholars chosen from a "Call for Research Proposals" for a conference in Summer 2000, at which the types of available sources and the kinds of issues germane to Volume Six will be evaluated. These authors will attend a formal professional meeting at which finished papers based on their findings will be presented in summer 2002. The published proceedings resulting from this meeting-to appear in 2003 in a special double issue of a leading journal-will form the basis of much larger and more fully developed chapters in Volume Six.The research will focus on key technological developments in cartography during the twentieth century. These themes provide a touchstone for many aspects of information science: in information gathering (surveying, global positioning systems, aerial photography, remote sensing), in computer infrastructure and graphic design, and in the access to geospatial information (in map and geographic information science libraries). Alongside these technological changes are many social issues that have shaped cartographic technology and have been shaped by it. Maps are used more widely now than in any other time in history. They are indispensable in our attempts to understand the world views of individuals and societies in both academic and practical senses. They are an important chapter in the history of human cognition and communication, and they are essential in organizing geographical knowledge and in visualizing patterns in geographical data. Maps are one of science's basic sources for spatial insight.