Collaborative Research on the History of Cartography

该项目将产生一系列关于二十世纪制图学历史的探索性论文，这些论文将构成地图学历史第六卷的基础，这是一部多卷的参考著作，介绍了测图史在其技术、文化和社会背景下的情况。由于有关二十世纪的二手文献很少，主要研究人员将指导从“征求研究建议书”中挑选出来的十一位学者的研究，会议将对现有资料的类型和与第六卷密切相关的问题进行评估。这些作者将参加一个正式的专业会议，根据他们的调查结果完成的论文将于2002年夏季在会上发表。这次会议出版的会议记录将于2003年出现在一家主要期刊的双期特刊上，这将成为第六卷篇幅更大、发展更充分的章节的基础。研究将集中于20世纪地图学的关键技术发展。这些专题为信息科学的许多方面提供了试金石：在信息收集方面(测量、全球定位系统、航空摄影、遥感)，在计算机基础设施和图形设计方面，以及在获取地球空间信息方面(在地图和地理信息科学图书馆中)。伴随着这些技术变化的是许多社会问题，这些问题塑造了地图技术，并由其塑造。地图的使用比历史上任何时候都要广泛。在我们试图在学术和实践意义上理解个人和社会的世界观时，它们是不可或缺的。它们是人类认知和交流历史上的重要篇章，在组织地理知识和可视化地理数据模式方面至关重要。地图是科学空间洞察的基本来源之一。

This project will produce a series of exploratory papers on the history of twentieth-century cartography that will form the foundation of Volume Six of The History of Cartography, a multi-volume reference work of the history of mapping in its technological, cultural, and social contexts. Since very little secondary literature has been written on the twentieth century, the principal investigators will direct the research of eleven scholars chosen from a "Call for Research Proposals" for a conference in Summer 2000, at which the types of available sources and the kinds of issues germane to Volume Six will be evaluated. These authors will attend a formal professional meeting at which finished papers based on their findings will be presented in summer 2002. The published proceedings resulting from this meeting-to appear in 2003 in a special double issue of a leading journal-will form the basis of much larger and more fully developed chapters in Volume Six.The research will focus on key technological developments in cartography during the twentieth century. These themes provide a touchstone for many aspects of information science: in information gathering (surveying, global positioning systems, aerial photography, remote sensing), in computer infrastructure and graphic design, and in the access to geospatial information (in map and geographic information science libraries). Alongside these technological changes are many social issues that have shaped cartographic technology and have been shaped by it. Maps are used more widely now than in any other time in history. They are indispensable in our attempts to understand the world views of individuals and societies in both academic and practical senses. They are an important chapter in the history of human cognition and communication, and they are essential in organizing geographical knowledge and in visualizing patterns in geographical data. Maps are one of science's basic sources for spatial insight.