SuomiNet: A Real-Time National GPS Network for Atmospheric Research

SuomiNet：用于大气研究的实时国家 GPS 网络

• 批准号: 9977639
• 负责人: Christian Rocken
• 金额: $ 178.45万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-15 至 2007-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9977639&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SuomiNet; Real; Time; National; GPS

Under this award for Major Research Instrumentation, the Principal Investigators will develop "SuomiNet", a university-based, real-time, national Global Positioning System (GPS) network for atmospheric research and education. The proposed network, named to honor meteorological satellite pioneer Verner Suomi, will exploit the recently-shown ability of ground-based GPS receivers to make thousands of accurate upper and lower atmospheric measurements per day. SuomiNet's goal is to use the demonstrated power of GPS for academic research and education, by making large amounts of spatially and temporally dense atmospheric data from broad and diverse regions widely available in real-time. SuomiNet will use well established Internet Data Distribution (IDD) software and protocols to coordinate network sensors and distribute data in real-time. SuomiNet data are relevant to several national and international programs including the U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP) and the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX). Phase delays induced in GPS signals by the ionosphere and neutral atmosphere can be measured with high precision simultaneously along a dozen or so GPS ray paths in the field of view. These delays can be converted into integrated water vapor (if surface pressure data or estimates are available) and total electron content (TEC), along each GPS ray path. The resulting continuous, accurate, all-weather, real-time GPS moisture data will help advance university research in mesoscale modeling and data assimilation, severe weather, precipitation, cloud dynamics, regional climate and hydrology. These topics are central to the USWRP and GEWEX. In addition, TEC and ionospheric scintillation data derived from GPS signal phase and amplitude will help universities address fundamental research topics including: (a) the processes that govern the spatial distribution of ionization, (b) the evolution of ionospheric irregularities and scintillation, (c) thermospheric dynamics and its coupling to the ionosphere, and (d) validation, testing and continued development of research models and numerical methods. From an educational perspective, SuomiNet will place state-of-the-art GPS equipment, data and processing methods in the hands of a large number of university departments, faculty, and students. It is here, in the university setting, where the tremendous potential of GPS in atmospheric research and education can be most effectively realized.

根据这项重大研究仪器奖，主要研究人员将开发“SuomiNet”，这是一个以大学为基础的实时国家全球定位系统网络，用于大气研究和教育。 拟议中的网络，命名为荣誉气象卫星先驱Verner Suomi，将利用地面GPS接收器最近显示的能力，每天进行数千次精确的高层和低层大气测量。 SuomiNet的目标是将GPS的强大功能用于学术研究和教育，使来自广泛和不同地区的大量空间和时间密集的大气数据实时广泛可用。 SuomiNet将使用成熟的互联网数据分发（IDD）软件和协议来协调网络传感器并实时分发数据。 SuomiNet的数据与多个国家和国际项目相关，包括美国天气研究计划（USWRP）和全球能源和水循环实验（GEWEX）。 电离层和中性大气在GPS信号中引起的相位延迟可以在视场内沿沿着GPS射线路径同时进行高精度测量。 这些延迟可以转换成沿沿着每条GPS射线路径的综合水汽（如果有地面压力数据或估计值）和总电子含量（TEC），由此产生的连续、准确、全天候、实时的GPS湿度数据将有助于推进大学在中尺度建模和数据同化、恶劣天气、降水、云动力学、区域气候和水文学方面的研究。 这些主题是USWRP和GEWEX的核心。 此外，从全球定位系统信号相位和振幅获得的TEC和电离层闪烁数据将有助于大学解决基础研究课题，包括：（a）控制电离空间分布的过程，（B）电离层不规则性和闪烁的演变，（c）热层动力学及其与电离层的耦合，（d）验证，测试和继续开发研究模型和数值方法。从教育的角度来看，SuomiNet将把最先进的GPS设备、数据和处理方法交给大量的大学院系、教师和学生。 正是在这里，在大学环境中，全球定位系统在大气研究和教育方面的巨大潜力可以得到最有效的实现。