U.S.-France Cooperative Research: Molecular Population Genetics of Old-World and New-World Drosophila

美法合作研究：旧世界和新世界果蝇的分子群体遗传学

• 批准号: 9981452
• 负责人: David Rand
• 金额: $ 1.55万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-05-01 至 2004-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9981452&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; France; Cooperative; Research; Molecular

9981452RandThis two-year award for U.S.-France collaboration in population and evolutionary biology involves David M. Rand and a postdoctoral researcher from Brown University and Michel Veuille of the University Marie et Pierre Curie in Paris, France. Their collaboration is aimed at an extensive characterization of genetic variation within and among Old World and New World populations of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. It is believed that this species originated in Africa, spread to European locations and more recently colonized the New World. The presence of geographically dispersed populations offers a unique opportunity to test genetic variations that may have evolved over centuries. The investigators will focus their effort on collecting natural samples showing a cytonuclear polymorphism, a condition found in European, but not North American samples of D. melanogaster. They will test the hypothesis that cytonuclear fitness interactions are differed for X-linked nuclear locus versus autsomal-cytoplasmic locus. In addition they will test neutral models of population differentiation and molecular evolution. This award represents the U.S. side of a joint proposal to the NSF and the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS). NSF will cover travel funds and living expenses for the U.S. investigator and postdoctoral researcher to collect samples, prepare duplication accessions of samples and subsequently analyze them. The project will advance our understanding of how genetic variations may have evolved in old world and new world species.

9981452兰德这项为期两年的美法人口与进化生物学合作奖涉及大卫·M·兰德、布朗大学的博士后研究员和法国巴黎玛丽与皮埃尔·居里大学的米歇尔·韦耶。他们的合作旨在广泛表征果蝇、黑腹果蝇和拟果蝇在旧大陆和新世界种群内部和之间的遗传变异。据信，该物种起源于非洲，传播到欧洲各地，最近殖民于新大陆。地理上分散的种群的存在为测试可能经过几个世纪进化的遗传变异提供了一个独特的机会。调查人员将集中精力收集显示出细胞核多态的自然样本，这种情况在欧洲发现，但在北美没有发现。他们将检验这样的假设，即X连锁的核基因与常染色体-细胞质基因的胞核适合性相互作用是不同的。此外，他们还将测试种群分化和分子进化的中性模型。该奖项代表了美国方面向NSF和法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)提出的联合建议。NSF将支付美国研究人员和博士后研究员收集样本、准备样本复制品并随后进行分析的旅费和生活费。该项目将促进我们对基因变异如何在旧世界和新世界物种中进化的理解。