PECASE: Dynamic Phenomena in Transportation: A Research and Educational Perspective

PECASE：交通动态现象：研究和教育视角

• 批准号: 9984339
• 负责人: Georgia Perakis
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9984339&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PECASE; Dynamic; Phenomena; Transportation; Research

This grant provides funding for the development of a theory for understanding the nature of traffic equilibria as well as various associated phenomena that arise in a variety of systems including transportation, communication and manufacturing. Studying these problems is important in transportation planning due to the growing congestion of urban and highway transportation systems worldwide as well as the development of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems. Specifically, this research aims to establish a more accurate understanding of microscopic and macroscopic phenomena of traffic patterns, provide insight and lead to a testable theory of equilibria in transportation networks. It will draw upon a broad collection of methodologies including dynamical systems, statistical learning, neural networks, mathematical optimization, and queuing network theory. To promote the philosophy of the research program a variety of educational activities will also be pursued.The results of this research will develop an alternative theory of equilibrium in transportation problems that will be able to make empirically testable predictions of traffic patterns and delays in the transportation network. This research will address a variety of questions such as: What is the dynamic nature of traffic equilibrium? How are delays dynamically changing? What is the role of information to travelers in the formation of traffic patterns? How can we control what information to release to travelers in order to induce certain desirable behavior? The results of this research will also provide insights concerning variousimportant issues such as bottleneck phenomena that arise when capacity of a local component in a distributed transportation system decreases substantially and causes congestion in the rest of the network (for example, a traffic accident). The work will also contribute to the development of dynamic optimization and equilibrium analysis.

这笔赠款提供资金，用于开发一种理论，以了解交通平衡的性质以及在包括运输、通信和制造在内的各种系统中出现的各种相关现象。随着世界范围内城市和公路交通系统的日益拥挤以及智能车辆公路系统的发展，研究这些问题在交通规划中具有重要的意义。具体地说，本研究旨在建立对交通模式的微观和宏观现象的更准确的理解，提供洞察力并导致交通网络均衡的可检验理论。它将利用一系列广泛的方法，包括动力系统、统计学习、神经网络、数学优化和排队网络理论。为了促进研究计划的理念，还将开展各种教育活动。这项研究的结果将发展一种交通问题的替代均衡理论，能够对交通网络中的交通模式和延误做出经验性的预测。这项研究将解决一系列问题，如：交通平衡的动态本质是什么？延迟是如何动态变化的？对旅行者来说，信息在交通模式形成中的作用是什么？我们如何控制向旅行者发布什么信息，以诱导某些令人满意的行为？这项研究的结果还将为各种重要问题提供深入的见解，例如当分布式运输系统中局部组件的容量大幅下降并导致网络其余部分拥堵(例如交通事故)时出现的瓶颈现象。这项工作也将有助于动态优化和平衡分析的发展。