RUI: Judgment and Decision Making on the Internet

摘要***9986436迈克尔·h·伯恩鲍姆互联网为人类体验提供了一个新的领域。对互联网在人口中普及率的增长速度的估计表明，它的使用增长速度比以前的创新（电话、收音机和电视）要快，而这些创新在工业化国家几乎已经普及。大多数美国人不久将使用因特网进行通信、商业交易和娱乐。互联网也为行为研究提供了一个令人兴奋的新媒介。过去需要六个月或一年才能完成的事情，现在通过网络搜索，几周就可以完成。由于万维网提供了一个极其多样化的国际样本，因此有可能检查实验室研究的普遍性，以统计群体，这在以前的研究中很少研究。这使得人们可以调查实验室研究的结论是否只适用于在大学实验室接受测试的大学二年级学生，或者它们是否对在更自然的条件下接受测试的更大人群具有外部效度。普通大众在互联网上使用的认知过程与学生在大学实验室中使用的认知过程相同吗？这个问题有两个方面需要加以区分。首先，被测试的人是不同的，所以任何不同的结果可能是由于受测试群体之间的教育、年龄、财富或其他人口统计学差异。第二，网络媒介本身可能诱发不同的思维、推理、判断和决策模式。本研究探讨了这些问题。这是一项继续和扩大正在进行的互联网研究项目的提案。除了对6000名参与者在互联网上的判断和决策进行实验外，我还建议对行为科学家进行关于互联网的调查，并创建工具，使学生和互联网研究新手更容易适应这种新媒体。通过对比实验室和网络研究，可以检验这两种方法的有效性。通过比较不同人口统计群体的结果，可以检验这些特征和研究结果之间的联系。如果通过互联网进行的行为研究能够发挥其潜力，那么促进将此类研究转移到互联网的过程可以加速科学事业的发展

Abstract***9986436Michael H. BirnbaumThe Internet provides a new domain of human experience. Estimates ofthe growth rate of penetration of the Internet among the populationshows that its use is growing faster than previous innovations(telephones, radio, and television) that have already become nearlyuniversal in industrialized nations. The majority of the U.S.population will soon be using the Internet for communication, commercialtransactions, and entertainment. The Internet also provides an excitingnew medium for the conduct of behavioral research. By means of Internetresearch, it is now possible to accomplish in a few weeks what used torequire six months or a year. Because the World Wide Web makesavailable an extremely heterogeneous, international sample, it becomespossible to examine the generality of laboratory research to demographicgroups that have rarely been studied in previous research. This allowsone to investigate if conclusions from laboratory research are unique tocollege sophomores tested in university labs or if they have externalvalidity to a larger population tested under more naturalisticconditions. Are the cognitive processes used by the general population on theInternet the same as those used by students in university laboratories? There are two aspects to this question that need to be distinguished. The first is that the people tested are different, so any difference inresults may be due to differences in education, age, wealth, or otherdemographic differences among the groups tested. The second aspect isthat the Internet medium itself may itself induce different modes ofthought, reasoning, judgment, and decision-making. This researchexplore these questions.This is a proposal to continue and expand an on-going program ofresearch on the Internet. In addition to experiments on judgment anddecision-making on the Internet with 6,000 participants, I proposeto conduct surveys of behavioral scientists about the Internet and tocreate tools that will make it easier for students and newcomers toInternet research to adapt their studies to this new medium. Bycomparing lab and Web studies, the validity of both procedures can betested. By comparing the results for different demographic groups, itis possible to examine the linkage between such characteristics andresearch findings. If behavioral research conducted via the Internetlives up to its potential, then the process of facilitating the transferof such research to the Internet can result in acceleration of thescientific enterprise.***