Nonlinear Propagation Dynamics of Intense Ultrashort Laser Pulses

对强飞秒激光脉冲在各种条件下在透明固体和气体中的传输进行了理论和实验研究。这些研究将描述在输入功率高于灾难性自聚焦崩塌的阈值功率的情况下的时间、空间和光谱动力学。研究的范围包括等离子体形成起主导作用的情况，以及可以产生空间和时间局域的三维孤子脉冲的可能性。超短脉冲通过填充惰性气体的空芯波导的非线性传输动力学也将被研究，预计该系统将提供与散体介质相互作用所不存在的新的动力学。这项拟议的研究将对超快科学的各个领域产生影响，包括飞秒激光损伤、长距离脉冲在光学介质中的传播，以及超短脉冲在气体中的参数和谐波产生。

A theoretical and experimental investigation will be made of the propagation of intensefemtosecond laser pulses through transparent solids and gases under a wide variety of conditions. These studies will characterize the temporal, spatial, and spectral dynamics for the case in which the input power is above the threshold power for catastrophic self-focusing collapse. Regimes of study include the case in which the plasma formation plays a dominant role, and the possibility will be explored that a three-dimensional soliton pulse localized in space and time can be produced. Nonlinear propagation dynamics of ultrashort pulses through hollow-core waveguides filled with a noble gas will also be investigated, and it is expected this system will offer novel dynamics that are not present in interactions with bulk media. The proposed research will have implications for various areas of ultrafast science including femtosecond laser damage, long-range pulse propagation in optical media, and parametric and harmonic generation in gases with ultrashort pulses.