DOCTORAL DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Representation and Processing of Verbal Morphology in First and Second Languages

博士论文研究：第一语言和第二语言中言语形态的表示和处理

• 批准号: 0001961
• 负责人: Michael Ullman
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Georgetown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-15 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0001961&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DOCTORAL; DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Representation; Processing

This dissertation project investigates specific aspects of the mental computation of verbal morphology in speakers of Spanish as a first language, and speakers of English as a second language. The project is framed within a research program directed by Michael Ullman. The program investigates the computational and neural underpinnings of two capacities that characterize language: the mental lexicon of memorized words, and the mental grammar of rules that specify how lexical forms combine into larger sequences. It tests the 'dual-system' hypothesis that the lexicon is subserved by associative memory, whereas a symbol-manipulation system underlies grammatical combinations. In contrast, 'single-system' theories posit that all words and rules depend upon associative memory. Evidence supporting a dual-system view has come from psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic studies of morphology. These have shown that irregular forms (e.g. 'dug') are lexically memorized, while regular forms (e.g. 'walked') are computed by grammatical rules. Most studies have examined this distinction in English past-tense inflection, in native English speakers. This project will test the generality of the results in (1) Spanish verbal morphology, which differs substantially from English morphology, in native Spanish speakers; and (2) English past-tense morphology, in Spanish and Chinese native-speaking adult learners of English as a second language.

本论文研究的是以西班牙语为第一语言和以英语为第二语言的人对动词形态的心理计算的具体方面。该项目是在迈克尔厄尔曼指导的研究计划框架内。该计划研究了表征语言的两种能力的计算和神经基础：记忆单词的心理词汇，以及指定词汇形式如何联合收割机成更大序列的规则的心理语法。它测试的“双系统”的假设，词汇是由联想记忆，而符号操作系统的语法组合的基础。相反，“单一系统”理论认为所有的单词和规则都依赖于联想记忆。支持双系统观点的证据来自心理语言学和神经语言学对形态学的研究。这些研究表明，不规则形式（例如“dug”）是词汇记忆，而规则形式（例如“walked”）是通过语法规则计算的。大多数研究都在英语本族语者中考察了英语过去时态变化的这种区别。该项目将测试结果的一般性：（1）西班牙语动词形态，这与英语形态有很大不同，在西班牙语母语者中;（2）英语过去时态形态，在西班牙语和汉语母语的英语作为第二语言的成人学习者中。