Copernicus and the Aristotelian Tradition

摘要：哥白尼与亚里士多德传统哥白尼学说否定并改革了地心说。地心说的主要哲学支持来自亚里士多德，被一千多年的评论所支持。哥白尼于1491年至1495年间在克拉科夫大学接受亚里士多德哲学基础的教育。由于各种原因，哥白尼遇到的中世纪晚期亚里士多德主义在许多问题上与亚里士多德分道扬镳。因此，哥白尼在克拉科夫遇到的中世纪晚期亚里士多德主义是折衷的和灵活的。尽管哥白尼意识到他与传统的背离，但他在主要著作中提出的论点依赖于中世纪晚期的评论。哥白尼没有提出新的物理学来解释地球的运动。哥白尼希望说服亚里士多德学派的人敞开心扉，考虑将亚里士多德的原理应用于日心说。PI建议审查波兰和瑞典乌普萨拉与哥白尼大学教育有关的相关文件。PI还将获得在这些问题上基本上不被承认的波兰学术研究的机会，并开始在波兰科学史学家和西方科学史学家之间建立桥梁。PI正试图记录哥白尼的教育如何帮助他构建亚里士多德传统的论点。这项研究是PI一个更大项目的一部分，该项目旨在对亚里士多德的反应、哥白尼的辩护和科学革命进行修正。

PROJECT ABSTRACT: SES 00-04206Andre GodduCopernicus and the Aristotelian TraditionThe Copernican theory rejected and reformed the geocentric view of the universe. The main philosophical support for geocentricism derived from Aristotle supported by over a thousand years of commentary. Copernicus was educated in the fundamentals of Aristotelian philosophy at the University of Cracow between 1491 and 1495. Late medieval Aristotelianism encountered by Copernicus had departed from Aristotle on a number of issues for a variety of reasons. Consequently, the late medieval Aristotelianism Copernicus encountered in Cracow was eclectic and flexible. Although Copernicus recognized his departure from the tradition, the arguments that he presented in his major work were dependent on late medieval commentaries. Copernicus offered no new physics to account for the motions of the earth. Copernicus hoped to persuade Aristotelians to open their minds to consider adapting Aristotelian principles to the heliocentric system. The PI proposes to examine relevant documents in Poland and in Uppsala Sweden related to the university education of Copernicus. The PI also will gain access to laregely unrecognized Polish scholarship on these issues, and begin to build bridges between Polish historians of science and those in the West. The PI is seeking to document how Copernicus' education helped him frame arguments in the Aristotelian tradition. This research is part of a larger project by the PI that aims toward a revisionist account of Aristotelian reactions, Copernican defenses, and the scientific revolution.