Quantum Dynamics at High Frequencies of Electrons in Mesoscopic Nanostructures

介观纳米结构中电子高频的量子动力学

• 批准号: 0072022
• 负责人: Daniel Prober
• 金额: $ 36万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0072022&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantum; Dynamics; Frequencies; Electrons; Mesoscopic

This experimental condensed matter physics project will explore the dynamics at high frequencies, 10-100 GHz, of electrons in mesoscopic conductors and superconductors. The studies will focus on noise, dephasing due to microwave photons, photon-stimulated energy distributions and enhanced super currents in superconducting/normal/superconducting structures. The project will also explore the effect of a superconducting phase difference on the quantum statistics of the noise, via cross-correlation measurements. The goal is to understand the dynamical behavior of these mixed superconductor-normal systems. The project will provide students with training in state-of-the art measurement techniques, and will prepare them for careers in academe, industry and government.%%%An important fundamental and technical issue connected with quantum mechanical systems, such as superconductors, is how fast they respond to external electric and magnetic fields. These problems become more difficult when the quantum systems are very small in size. Thus the continual downsizing of microelectronic device structures to smaller and smaller sizes presents substantial measurement challenges, particularly at high frequencies, in the microwave region. This experimental condensed matter physics project will explore the dynamics at high frequencies, 10-100 GHz, of electrons in mesoscopic conductors and superconductors. The project will explore current flows in superconducting loops and across barriers through which electrons tunnel via quantum mechanical motion. The goal is to understand the dynamical behavior of these mixed superconductor-normal systems. New measurement techniques are being developed to reach these goals. The project will provide excellent training for students and post-docs in state-or-the are measurement methods. It will prepare them for careers in academe, industry and government.

这个实验凝聚态物理项目将探索介观导体和超导体中电子在10-100 GHz高频下的动力学。这些研究将侧重于噪声、微波光子引起的失相、光子激发的能量分布和超导/正常/超导结构中的增强超电流。该项目还将通过互相关测量来探索超导相位差对噪声量子统计的影响。我们的目标是了解这些混合超导正常系统的动力学行为。该项目将为学生提供最先进的测量技术培训，并为他们在工业，工业和政府部门的职业生涯做好准备。与量子力学系统（如超导体）相关的一个重要的基础和技术问题是它们对外部电场和磁场的响应速度。当量子系统的尺寸非常小时，这些问题变得更加困难。因此，微电子器件结构的尺寸不断缩小到越来越小的尺寸，这对微波区域中的测量提出了很大的挑战，特别是在高频下。这个实验凝聚态物理项目将探索介观导体和超导体中电子在10-100 GHz高频下的动力学。该项目将探索超导回路中的电流流动，以及电子通过量子力学运动隧穿的障碍。我们的目标是了解这些混合超导正常系统的动力学行为。正在开发新的测量技术以实现这些目标。该项目将为学生和博士后提供国家或地区测量方法的优秀培训。它将为他们在商业，工业和政府的职业生涯做好准备。