Quantum Transport and Noise in Carbon Nanotubes and Mesoscopic Nanosystems

本文研究了单壁碳纳米管的噪声和高频动力学特性。纳米管中电子态的一维性质使得相关性显著，这可能导致新型卢廷格液态的形成。本研究以碳纳米管为研究电子相互作用的实验室，研究了Luttinger液态的量子散粒噪声和微波频率下的电子波动力学。在该系统中要研究的噪声是非常独特的，在微波频率下的测量可以获得基本行为，而不需要在较低频率下存在1/f噪声的复杂方面。目标是了解一维电子的新状态。该项目包括与康奈尔大学的研究人员合作，并将为博士后研究人员、研究生和本科生提供优秀的培训，使他们能够在这两所领先的机构中使用制造和测量设备。近年来，材料科学家对新型一维系统的发展，导致了具有不同寻常性质的电导体。碳纳米管是这些系统的原型，根据它们的几何形状表现出金属或半导体的行为。为了充分了解碳纳米管电性能的复杂和新方面，将使用耶鲁大学最近开发的高灵敏度微波测量技术。这些测量将为如何将先进的纳米科学工具库应用于纳米级系统和设备提供一个模型研究。该项目包括与康奈尔大学合作，并将在前沿纳米科学和技术方面培养博士后、研究生和本科生，从而为他们在学术界、工业界或政府的职业生涯做好准备。

The proposed research investigates the noise and high frequency dynamics of single-wall carbon nanotubes. The one-dimensional nature of the electron states in nanotubes makes correlations significant, which can lead to the formation of the novel Luttinger liquid state. Using carbon nanotubes as a laboratory for studying the electron interactions, this research will investigate the quantum shot noise of the Luttinger liquid state, and the electron wave dynamics at microwave frequencies. The noise to be studied in this system is quite distinctive, and measurements at microwave frequencies can access the basic behavior without the complicating aspect of 1/f noise present at lower frequencies. The goal is to understand the novel state of one-dimensional electrons. This project involves collaboration with researchers at Cornell University and will provide excellent training for postdoctoral researchers, graduate and undergraduate students in fabrication and measurement facilities available at both these leading institutions. In recent years, the development of novel one-dimensional systems by material scientists has led to electrical conductors with unusual properties. The carbon nanotube is the prototype of these systems, exhibiting either metallic or semiconducting behavior depending on their geometry. To fully understand the complex and new aspects of the electrical properties of carbon nanotubes, highly sensitive microwave measurement techniques, developed recently at Yale University, will be used. These measurements will provide a model study of how to apply the advanced arsenal of tools of nanoscience to nanoscale systems and devices. The project involves collaboration with Cornell University and will train students at postdoctoral, graduate, and undergraduate levels in frontier nanoscience and technology, thus preparing them for careers in academe, industry, or government.