SGER: Electrically-Activated Nanocatalysts for Hydrogen Production

SGER：用于制氢的电激活纳米催化剂

• 批准号: 0072193
• 负责人: John Falconer
• 金额: $ 4.9万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-02-15 至 2002-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0072193&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Electrically; Activated; Nanocatalysts; Hydrogen

The objective of this proposal is to investigate the mechanism of enhanced catalyst activity when electrical current is used to pretreat the catalyst. In preliminary work the PI discovered that the activity of an indium/tin oxide catalyst for the selective oxidation of methanol to hydrogen is enhanced relative to thermal pretreatment when an electrical current is passed through the catalyst. This reaction of is particular interest for portable fuel-cell applications, where hydrogen could be generated from methanol, which is more easily stored than hydrogen. The combination of electrical current and temperature required to maintain enhanced activation will be studied. Catalyst particle size will be studied by using both nanoparticles and larger catalyst particles. Effects of reaction local temperature gradients will be measured to determine whether local temperature on the particles is elevated. Other organic reactions will be studied to determine whether this novel effect is more general. If successful, this work could contribute to improved fuel-cell performance and more broadly to an understanding of an effect potentially useful for the improvement of catalyst activity.

本提案的目的是研究当使用电流预处理催化剂时，催化剂活性增强的机理。 在初步工作中，PI发现，当电流通过催化剂时，相对于热预处理，铟/锡氧化物催化剂用于将甲醇选择性氧化为氢气的活性增强。 这种反应对于便携式燃料电池应用特别感兴趣，其中氢气可以从甲醇中产生，甲醇比氢气更容易储存。将研究维持增强的活化所需的电流和温度的组合。 将通过使用纳米颗粒和较大的催化剂颗粒来研究催化剂颗粒尺寸。 将测量反应局部温度梯度的影响，以确定颗粒上的局部温度是否升高。 其他有机反应将被研究，以确定这种新的效果是否更普遍。 如果成功的话，这项工作将有助于提高燃料电池的性能，并更广泛地了解可能有助于提高催化剂活性的效果。