Dissertation Research: Ecological and Evolutionary Constraints to Herbivore Resistance in a Native Plant - Mulitiple Herbivore Community

论文研究：本土植物草食动物抗性的生态和进化限制 - 多种草食动物群落

• 批准号: 0073176
• 负责人: Mark Rausher
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0073176&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Ecological; Evolutionary; Constraints

0073176RausherWhile physical and chemical defenses provide plants with immunity from nearly all of the potential natural enemies in their environment, most plants are still attacked by a community of herbivores that are able to overcome these defenses. A major question in evolutionary ecology is what prevents plants from evolving improved resistance to herbivory. The thesis of this research is that there are potential constraints on the evolution of resistance that are revealed only by examining the entire community of herbivores that feed on a host plant. Through a series of field experiments using the insect herbivore community of horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), this research will investigate these constraints by assessing genetic variation for resistance, characterizing natural selection acting on resistance, and investigating the ecological interactions among the insects and their host plant.This research addresses basic scientific questions regarding plant-herbivore coevolution and the nature of potential competition among plant-eating insects. In addition, horsenettle is an economically important weed, and its close kinship with a number of crop species enables it to act as a reservoir for a number of crop pests. Therefore, this research will also provide information that is of interest to weed control and pest management programs.

尽管物理和化学防御为植物提供了对环境中几乎所有潜在天敌的免疫力，但大多数植物仍然受到能够克服这些防御的食草动物群落的攻击。 进化生态学中的一个主要问题是什么阻止植物进化出对食草动物更好的抗性。 这项研究的论点是，只有通过检查以宿主植物为食的整个食草动物群落，才能揭示抗性进化的潜在限制。 通过一系列的田间试验，利用马面石的植食性昆虫群落（Solanum carolinense），本研究将通过评估抗性的遗传变异，表征自然选择对抗性的作用，本研究旨在解决植物-草食动物的共同进化和食草昆虫之间潜在竞争的性质。 此外，马荨麻是一种经济上重要的杂草，它与许多作物物种的密切亲缘关系使其成为许多作物害虫的储存库。 因此，这项研究也将提供感兴趣的杂草控制和害虫管理计划的信息。