DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Evolutionary Fate of Gene Duplications in Morning Glories (Ipomoea)

论文研究：牵牛花（Ipomoea）基因重复的进化命运

• 批准号: 0411807
• 负责人: Mark Rausher
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-15 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0411807&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Evolutionary; Fate; Gene

This research by Dr. Mark Rausher and David Des Marais seeks to understand what happens over evolutionary time when an organism has two copies of the same genetic material. The general logic is that if, historically, an organism only needs one copy of a gene to survive, then a second copy of the same gene will be unnecessary. Three general fates have been proposed for what might happen to these duplicated pairs: one copy might keep functioning as it did as a single copy while the second copy experiences mutations that either cause it to lose function or to gain novel function, or the two copies might end up sharing the ancestral functions and thereby both become necessary for the organism's survival. These latter two fates provide a rich source for the origin of new features that lead to an increase in biological diversity.The proposed research is valuable to the scientific community because it will help explain some of the findings of recent genome sequencing projects; namely, why do duplicate genes persist and what are they doing? The project will also help to expand interest in exploring natural observations using a scientific approach through training high school and college students who routinely spend summers in our laboratory.

马克·拉舍尔博士和大卫·德·马雷博士的这项研究旨在了解当一个生物体有两个相同遗传物质的拷贝时，在进化过程中会发生什么。 一般的逻辑是，如果从历史上看，一个生物体只需要一个基因的拷贝就可以生存，那么同一基因的第二个拷贝就没有必要了。对于这些复制对可能发生的事情，人们提出了三种一般的命运：一个副本可能会保持作为单个副本的功能，而第二个副本可能会经历突变，导致它失去功能或获得新的功能，或者两个副本可能最终共享祖先的功能，从而成为生物体生存所必需的。 这后两种命运为导致生物多样性增加的新特征的起源提供了丰富的来源。拟议中的研究对科学界很有价值，因为它将有助于解释最近基因组测序项目的一些发现;即，为什么重复基因会持续存在，它们在做什么？ 该项目还将通过培训经常在我们实验室度过暑假的高中生和大学生，帮助扩大对使用科学方法探索自然观察的兴趣。