Dissertation Research: Life History Variation in the Tetragnathidae

论文研究：四颌科动物的生活史变异

• 批准号: 0073266
• 负责人: Leticia Aviles
• 金额: $ 0.76万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-15 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0073266&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Life; History; Variation

Aviles0073266In nature, male and female interests over reproduction are usually in conflict. Females tend to invest more heavily in each offspring than do males. As a result, females must carefully choose the best father for their offspring while males may increase their reproductive success by inseminating many females. Conflicts over paternity become particularly intriguing when females mate multiply and the conflict must be resolved within the female reproductive tract. In a group of spiders with diverse reproductive morphologies, this study will explore how behavior and reproductive tract morphology may bias paternity. Light and scanning electron microscopy will be used to accurately describe female reproductive morphology in four focal taxa. Behavioral analysis will be used to uncover how males and females may influence paternity by manipulating the timing, duration, and frequency of copulation, re-mating interval, oviposition timing, etc. Molecular markers will be used to assess paternity when females have been experimentally mated with multiple males.These studies will shed light on the interplay between the constraints imposed by history and the adaptations that females and males may evolve. This is an area of growing interest in evolutionary biology.

在自然界中，男性和女性对生殖的兴趣通常是冲突的。雌性往往比雄性对每一个后代投入更多。 因此，雌性必须仔细选择最好的父亲为他们的后代，而男性可能会提高他们的繁殖成功率，通过授精许多女性。当雌性交配繁殖时，关于父权的冲突变得特别有趣，冲突必须在雌性生殖道内解决。 在一组不同的生殖形态的蜘蛛，这项研究将探讨如何行为和生殖道形态可能会偏向父权。 光学和扫描电子显微镜将被用来准确地描述女性生殖形态在四个焦点类群。 行为分析将用于揭示雄性和雌性如何通过操纵交配的时间、持续时间和频率、再交配间隔、产卵时间等来影响父权。 当雌性动物与多个雄性动物进行实验性交配时，分子标记将被用来评估亲子关系。这些研究将揭示历史所施加的限制与雌性动物和雄性动物可能进化的适应之间的相互作用。这是进化生物学中一个越来越受关注的领域。