Doctoral Dissertation Research: Histories of Stress: A Life Course Approach

博士论文研究：压力的历史：生命历程方法

• 批准号: 2120106
• 负责人: Sharon DeWitte
• 金额: $ 2.28万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2120106&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Histories; Stress

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). A life course framework views biological well-being as more than just a consequence of an individual’s immediate environment. This doctoral dissertation project analyzes how urban growth and climate change affected human biology in the past by examining both the timing and pattern of physiological stress responses that manifest across a lifespan. The project represents a large scale bioarchaeological integration of radiogrammetry methods with markers of skeletal stress. The examination of biological impacts of urban growth and climate change in the past provide a baseline for human experiences with stress reaction and disease processes prior to modern medical intervention and vaccination protocols. The results have the potential to inform modern public health research and policy in an increasingly urban world facing new climatic challenges. The project supports undergraduate and graduate training and a number of K-12 and public science outreach efforts. This project collects bioarchaeological data from two archaeological sites to test two conceptual life course models related to human biological well-being. The critical period model draws a link between early life exposures and later adult health while accumulation of risk considers how continuous and later stress exposures compound into differential patterns of health. Non-specific markers of skeletal stress that occur during different development and growth periods, as well as independent markers of infection, and radiographs are collected for individuals representing multiple time periods in the historic past. Statistical models are used to explore the co-variance of stress markers and how patterns of stress exposure at different times result in differential morbidity and mortality profiles. A life course perspective combined with paleodemographic analyses offers new perspectives on changing health dynamics in light of the demographic, climatic, and social changes occurring over time.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。生命历程框架认为生物福祉不仅仅是个人直接环境的结果。这个博士论文项目分析了城市发展和气候变化如何影响人类生物学在过去通过检查的时间和模式的生理应激反应，表现在整个生命周期。该项目代表了一个大规模的生物考古集成放射测量方法与骨骼应力的标志。对过去城市增长和气候变化的生物影响的研究为现代医疗干预和疫苗接种协议之前人类的应激反应和疾病过程提供了一个基线。这些结果有可能为面临新气候挑战的日益城市化的世界的现代公共卫生研究和政策提供信息。该项目支持本科生和研究生培训以及一些K-12和公共科学推广工作。该项目从两个考古遗址收集生物考古数据，以测试与人类生物福祉有关的两个概念性生命过程模型。关键期模型将生命早期暴露与成年后的健康联系起来，而风险积累则考虑了持续和后期的压力暴露如何复合成不同的健康模式。在不同的发育和生长时期发生的骨骼应力的非特异性标志物，以及感染的独立标志物，以及X光照片收集代表历史上多个时期的个人。统计模型被用来探讨协方差的压力标志物，以及如何在不同的时间导致不同的发病率和死亡率曲线的压力暴露模式。生命历程的观点与古人口分析相结合，为随着时间的推移发生的人口、气候和社会变化提供了新的视角。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。