SBIR Phase II: Microminiature, High Resolution, Passive Peak Strain Detector for Smart Structures and Materials

SBIR 第二阶段：用于智能结构和材料的微型、高分辨率、无源峰值应变探测器

• 批准号: 0078617
• 负责人: Steven Arms
• 金额: $ 39.99万
• 依托单位: MICROSTRAIN INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-08-15 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0078617&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Microminiature; Resolution

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project combines hermetically packaged, differential variable reluctance transducers (DVRT) capable of peak strain detection (PD) with shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators to produce improved passive PDs. These detectors can withstand harsh environmental conditions, e.g., moisture, salt, vibration, and can be reset for repeated uses. Sensors in smart structures generally require system power in order to operate, but power outages may result in loss of key data. Therefore, sensors that can record peak information without power, i.e., passively, are needed in smart structures. Earlier passive PDs have relied on measuring the magnetic properties of transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. However, these devices suffer from bulky size, low resolution, high nonlinearity, and a one time use limitation due to material yielding. This technology addresses these problems by using modified, microminiature DVRT-PDs. Phase I successfully designed, built, and tested hermetic packages, and SMAs were successfully employed for resetting of the devices. Techniques for remote interrogation using radio frequency identity tags were investigated, micropower prototypes were designed and built, and methods for wireless delivery of power to the SMA actuator were demonstrated. In Phase II, highly integrated microelectronics will be combined with the hermetic DVRT-PD packages to produce self-contained, remotely queried and remotely resettable PDs. Novel micropower sensor excitation circuits, capable of long range interrogation, will be built, tested, and packaged for independent laboratory evaluation and eventual field deployment. Field tests will include health monitoring of structural joints, repairs, and supporting members of civil structures, including bridges. The physical attachment of the DVRT-PDs to these structures will be designed for reliability, low cost, and ease of use. Applications include health monitoring of composite structures, aircraft, trains, bridges, dams, and buildings. Military and commercial markets for these systems are significant. Health monitoring has the potential to enhance the safety and life of military, aerospace, and civil structures. Sensate structures equipped with passive networks of peak displacement or strain measurement devices could be interrogated for their response to test loads or potentially damaging events, and either replaced or their embedded sensors reset for future interrogation. Critical civil and military structures require 'smart' sensors in order to report their strain histories; this can help to insure safe operation after exposure to potentially damaging loads, e.g., earthquakes, hurricanes, military combat, etc.

这一小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目将密封封装的差分可变磁阻传感器（DVRT）与形状记忆合金（SMA）执行器相结合，以产生改进的无源PD，该传感器能够检测峰值应变（PD）。 这些探测器可以承受恶劣的环境条件，例如，防潮、防盐、防震动，可复位重复使用。 智能结构中的传感器通常需要系统电源才能运行，但停电可能会导致关键数据丢失。 因此，可以在没有电力的情况下记录峰值信息的传感器，即，被动地，在智能结构中是需要的。 早期的被动PD依赖于测量相变诱发塑性（TRIP）钢的磁性能。 然而，这些装置具有体积大、分辨率低、非线性高以及由于材料屈服而导致的一次性使用限制的缺点。 该技术通过使用经修改的微型DVRT-PD来解决这些问题。 第一阶段成功地设计，建造和测试了密封封装，并成功地采用SMA来重置设备。 研究了使用射频身份标签进行远程询问的技术，设计和建造了微功率原型，并演示了向SMA致动器无线传输功率的方法。 在第二阶段，高度集成的微电子技术将与密封DVRT-PD封装相结合，以产生独立的、可远程查询和可远程复位的PD。 新型微功率传感器激励电路，能够进行远程询问，将建立，测试和包装独立的实验室评估和最终的现场部署。 现场测试将包括结构接头的健康监测、维修和土木结构（包括桥梁）的支撑构件。 DVRT-PD与这些结构的物理连接将设计为可靠、低成本和易于使用。 应用包括复合结构、飞机、火车、桥梁、水坝和建筑物的健康监测。 这些系统的军事和商业市场是重要的。 健康监测有可能提高军事、航空航天和民用结构的安全性和寿命。 配备有峰值位移或应变测量设备的无源网络的传感器结构可以被询问其对测试负载或潜在破坏事件的响应，并且被替换或其嵌入的传感器被重置以用于未来的询问。关键的民用和军用结构需要“智能”传感器来报告其应变历史;这有助于确保在暴露于潜在破坏性载荷后的安全操作，例如，地震、飓风、军事战斗等。