Noval Experimental Techniques for the physical and chemical characterization of Nucleation mode Aerosol Particles

气溶胶颗粒对地球辐射收支、大气复杂的多相化学、营养物质或污染物的生态系统通量以及空气质量的影响在很大程度上取决于颗粒的数量、大小、化学成分及其在大气中的分布。因此，需要对气溶胶颗粒的相关源、汇、输送机制和转化过程进行识别和量化，以提高我们对大气气溶胶的基本认识，并制定适当的模式参数。这一建议旨在探索直接量化大气低层边界层中湍流通量和成核型气溶胶粒子(直径小于30 nm)的化学成分的创新实验技术。建议开发一种小型化的成核型气溶胶粒子采集系统，并将其与野外便携式离子陷阱飞行时间质谱仪相耦合，用于气溶胶化学成分的现场分析。质谱仪和真正的涡流积累相结合，将产生独特的气溶胶通量测量能力。现场部署这些新的实验技术将有助于更好地描述气溶胶传输机制和新形成的颗粒的大气分布，并更好地理解气体到颗粒的转化过程，特别是有机物种在二次颗粒形成中的相关性。因此，该提案将涉及基本的科学问题，如气溶胶颗粒对全球气候的影响，以及重要的社会问题，如设计和实施有效的控制战略和与气溶胶健康影响有关的监管政策。

The impact of aerosol particles on the Earth’s radiation budget, the complex multiphase chemistry of the atmosphere, ecosystem fluxes of nutrients or pollutants, and air quality is strongly dependent on particle number, size, chemical composition and their distribution within the atmosphere. Therefore, the relevant sources, sinks, transport mechanisms and transformation processes of aerosol particles need to be identified and quantified in order to improve our fundamental understanding of the atmospheric aerosol and to formulate adequate model parameterizations. This proposal aims at exploring innovative experimental techniques for the direct quantification of turbulent fluxes and the chemical composition of nucleation mode aerosol particles (less than 30 nm in diameter) in the lower atmospheric boundary layer. It is suggested to develop a miniaturized collection system for nucleation mode aerosol particles, and couple it to a field-portable ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer for in-situ analysis of the aerosol chemical composition. The combination of the mass spectrometer and true eddy accumulation will yield unique aerosol flux measurement capabilities. Field deployment of these novel experimental techniques will contribute to an improved description of aerosol transport mechanisms and the atmospheric distribution of newly formed particles as well as a better understanding of gas-to-particle conversion processes, especially the relevance of organic species in secondary particle formation. Thus, this proposal will address fundamental scientific questions, e.g. the impact of aerosol particles on global climate, and important societal issues such as the design and implementation of effective control strategies and regulatory policies with regard to aerosol health effects.