SGER: Parent-of-Origin Gene Expression in a Viviparous Arthropod?

SGER：胎生节肢动物的亲本基因表达？

• 批准号: 0085335
• 负责人: David Zeh
• 金额: $ 7.37万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0085335&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Parent; Origin; Gene; Expression

Known definitively from only mammals and angiosperms, autosomal genomic imprinting is a form of non-Mendelian inheritance in which methylation and expression of an allele depend on whether it is inherited through sperm or egg. Imprinting disruption has been implicated in a growing list of embryonic abnormalities, unstable DNA diseases and cancers. Numerous hypotheses, ranging from chromosomal surveillance to maternal/paternal genome conflict over resource transfer from mother to embryo, have been proposed to explain imprinting, and virtually all invoke viviparity as crucial to its evolution. Unfortunately, evidence of imprinting in animals is currently restricted to mammals, thus limiting the scope for rigorous testing of alternative hypotheses. The aim of the proposed exploratory research is to establish whether genomic imprinting occurs in the pseudoscorpion, Cordylochernes scorpioides, as indirect evidence suggests. Allelic message display approach, a technique that utilizes RT-PCR to screen cDNA libraries for genomically imprinted genes will be used. To distinguish between maternal versus paternal allelic expression, polymorphic transcripts will be visualized in reciprocal hybrid and pooled backcross progenies from crosses between two C. scorpioides populations known to exhibit extensive DNA sequence divergence. Investigation will focus on the transcriptional activity of the embryonic pumping organ (a specialized mouth precursor responsible for sequestering nutritive fluid from the mother's reproductive tract) as the organ most likely to exhibit parent-of-origin gene effects.If imprinting is found to occur in C. scorpioides, this pseudoscorpion will provide a model viviparous arthropod system for investigating the importance of genomic imprinting in biological processes ranging from evolution to epigenetic-mediated disease.

常染色体基因组印记是一种非孟德尔遗传形式，其中等位基因的甲基化和表达取决于它是通过精子还是卵子遗传的。 越来越多的胚胎异常、不稳定DNA疾病和癌症与印记中断有关。 许多假说，从染色体监视到母亲/父亲的基因组冲突的资源转移从母亲到胚胎，已被提出来解释印迹，几乎所有调用胎生作为其进化的关键。 不幸的是，动物中的印记证据目前仅限于哺乳动物，从而限制了严格测试替代假设的范围。 拟议的探索性研究的目的是建立是否基因组印记发生在伪蝎，Cordylochernes scorpioides，间接证据表明。 将使用等位基因信息展示方法，一种利用RT-PCR筛选基因组印记基因的cDNA文库的技术。 为了区分母本与父本等位基因表达，将在来自两个C. Scorpioides种群已知表现出广泛的DNA序列分歧。 研究将集中在胚胎泵器官（一种专门的嘴前体，负责从母亲的生殖道隔离营养液）的转录活性，因为器官最有可能表现出父母的起源基因效应。scorpioides，这种拟蝎将提供一个模型胎生节肢动物系统研究的重要性，基因组印记的生物过程，从进化到表观遗传介导的疾病。