Separation and Recovery of Ions from Aqueous Media with Redox-Recyclable Metal-Complex Extractants

方案编号： CTS-0085892提案类型：研究者发起的更新主要研究者：Steven H.施特劳斯研究所：科罗拉多州立大学用氧化还原可回收金属络合物萃取剂从水介质中分离和回收离子开发方法，用于从水中选择性和有效地萃取离子种类，并使用单电子、氧化还原活性、可回收的分子萃取剂在最小体积的二次废物中回收目标离子，继续沿着对基本科学原理的调查。 “氧化还原可再循环”萃取剂是空间要求高的铁络合物，其在其中性（失活）状态与其单阴离子或单阳离子（活化）状态之间穿梭。 正在制备性能得到改进的新型萃取剂，以及由它们制成的新型复合离子交换材料。 后者中的一些将被电化学活化和去活化，从而避免在完整的提取/去活化-汽提/再活化循环中需要化学氧化剂和还原剂。回收计划，使目标离子被分离为结晶盐，一个真正的最小体积的二次废物，也正在开发中。 这些新的吸附剂材料用于高灵敏度FTIR或电化学实时管道检测器，以检测选定的目标离子，这种新的分离技术提供的能力可以在环境保护方面产生重大影响。 在已被选择用于新的提取和/或检测过程的离子中，有那些对环境构成直接威胁的离子，例如高氯酸盐（西部几个州的地下水污染），氰化物（来自许多采矿作业的径流），（地下水污染）、单季铵盐等阳离子农药、氟化表面活性剂（包括全氟辛基磺酸盐，由于其可能对人类健康构成威胁，其生产最近已停止）。 此外，该项目还有助于提高重要生物技术过程的效率。 其他目标离子还包括选定的药物，如青霉素、阿替拉定和甲氨蝶呤阳离子，因为新的提取工艺将有效地从当前生产工艺中产生的反应混合物和发酵液中分离它们。

Proposal No.: CTS-0085892Proposal Type: Investigator Initiated RenewalPrincipal Investigators: Steven H. Strauss Institution: Colorado State University Separation and Recovery of Ions from Aqueous Media with Redox-Recyclable Metal-Complex ExtractantsDevelopment of methods for the selective and efficient extraction of ionic species from water and the recovery of the target ions in a minimal volume of secondary waste usingone-electron, redox-active, recyclable molecular extractants continues along with an investigation of the underlying scientific principles. The "redox-recyclable" extractants are sterically demanding iron complexes which are shuttled between their neutral (deactivated) states and their monoanionic or monocationic (activated) states. New extractants with improved performance are being prepared, as are new composite ion-exchange materials made from them. Some of the latter will be activated and deactivated electrochemically, avoiding the need for chemical oxidants and reductants in the complete extraction/deactivation-stripping/reactivation cycle. Recovery schemes that allow the target ions to be isolated as crystalline salts, a truly minimal volume of secondary waste, are also being developed. The use of these new adsorbent materials for highly-sensitive FTIR or electrochemical real-time, in-pipe detectors for selected target ions is also being explored.The capabilities provided by this new separation technique can have a significant impact in environmental protection. Among the ions that have been selected for new extraction and/or detection processes are those that pose a direct threat to the environment, such as perchlorate (groundwater pollution in several western states), cyanide (runoff from many mining operations), dimethylarsenate (groundwater pollution), cationic pesticides such as monoquats, fluorinated surfactants (including perfluorooctylsulfonate, the manufacture of which has been recently discontinued because of its possible threat to human health). Inaddition, this project can contribute to the efficiency of important biotechnological processes. Other target ions also include selected pharmaceuticals such as penicillins, prostagladins, and methotrexate cations, because the new extraction processes will be efficacious for their isolation from reaction mixtures and fermentation broths generated in current manufacturing processes.