Workshop on Autoadaptive Media in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering

自适应媒体是通过改变其特性来响应外部刺激的系统、材料和/或设备。 特性或属性的这种变化可以用于修改系统的响应，或者用于监视系统的健康或状况。 目前，自适应媒体用于航空、汽车和医疗行业。 虽然研究人员指出了在土木工程中使用自适应媒体的许多机会，但很少有研究集中在土木工程应用中，几乎没有针对岩土工程的研究。 这种在土木工程中应用的缺乏反映了这个社区内缺乏关于可用自适应媒体及其可能应用的信息。 因此，本次研讨会的主要目标是向岩土地震工程领域的主要研究人员介绍自适应介质的概念，描述自适应介质的一些当前应用，并激发对岩土地震工程中可能的应用的创造性讨论。将电流转换成机械力或反之亦然的压电复合材料;分别在磁场或电场存在下从粘性液体变为固体的磁流变和电流变流体;在相同场存在下改变性质的磁致伸缩和电致伸缩固体;和微机械系统（MEMS），这是一种安装在微芯片上的小型电动机械。这些创新的材料和系统有可能在两个不同的方面对地震工程研究和实践产生重大影响。 首先，新的传感器技术将影响实验研究的进行方式：小型、廉价和坚固的传感器（可能是无线的）将允许精确测量更多的材料和系统参数，对被监测系统的干扰更小。 其次，新的传感器技术和新的自适应材料和系统将影响地震期间和地震后土木工程系统的性能和监测：新的传感器将允许在地震后快速准确地评估系统的健康状况。 此外，在地震期间来自这些传感器的数据将允许对这些系统在强烈地震震动下的动态响应获得重要的见解。 研讨会的结果将在地震工程界和与自适应介质有关的领域广泛分发，并将在万维网上提供。

Autoadaptive media are systems, materials, and/or devices that respond to external stimuli by changing their characteristics. This change in characteristics or properties can be used to modify the response of the system, or to monitor the health or condition of the system. Currently, autoadaptive media are used in the aeronautical, automotive, and medical industries. Although researchers have pointed to the many opportunities for using autoadaptive media in civil engineering, little research has focused on civil engineering applications, and virtually none has been directed to geotechnical engineering. This lack of applications in civil engineering is a reflection of the lack of information within this community regarding available autoadaptive media and their possible applications. Consequently, the major goals of this workshop are to introduce the concept of autoadaptive media to leading researchers in the field of geotechnical earthquake engineering, to describe some of the current applications of autoadaptive media, and to stimulate creative discussions on possible uses in geotechnical earthquake engineering.Examples of autoadaptive materials are shape-memory alloys whose properties change based on temperature and stress; piezoelectric composites that convert electric current into mechanical force or vise versa; magneto-rheological and electro-rheological fluids that change from a viscous liquid to a solid in the presence of a magnetic or electric field, respectively; magneto- and electro-strictive solids that change properties in the presence of the same fields; and micromechanical systems (MEMS), which are small electomechanical machines that fit on a microchip.These innovative materials and systems have the potential to make a significant impact in earthquake engineering research and practice in two distinct ways. First, new sensor technologies will affect the way experimental research is performed: small, inexpensive, and robust sensors -- that are perhaps wireless -- will permit accurate measurement of more material and system parameters with a smaller disturbance to the system being monitored. Second, both new sensor technologies and new autoadaptive materials and systems will affect the performance and monitoring of civil engineering systems during and after earthquakes: new sensors will permit the health of systems to be assessed quickly and accurately after an earthquake. Further, data from these sensors during an earthquake will allow significant insights to be gained into the dynamic response of these systems under strong earthquake shaking. The results from the workshop will be distributed widely throughout the earthquake engineering community and fields related to autoadaptive media, and will be available on the World Wide Web.