Origin and Evolution of Antarctic and Deep-Sea Macroinfauna: Systematics and Reproductive Patterns of Polychaetes

国际南极底栖生物深海生物多样性项目在2001-2002年的南极季节开始在德国破冰船R/V Polarstern上进行计划中的实地工作。本项目拟开展的研究内容包括：1)南极陆架深海底栖动物的起源及其与大西洋和太平洋深海动物的联系；2)提出了解释深海生物多样性的假说；3)南大洋深海底栖生物群落结构；4)底栖无脊椎动物繁殖和幼虫发育的生物学过程。在这个计划中，提议的工作将集中在七个多毛类家庭。在两次巡航期间，将收集资料，并结合GIS制图软件，绘制多毛类科的空间和水深分布。本文将对所选多毛类科的分类学进行研究。此外，为了了解南极和深海多毛类的幼虫传播模式，将观察幼虫和幼虫后阶段。这一信息将有助于了解这些科在南大洋的起源和演化。

The International Antarctic Benthic Deep-Sea Biodiversity Program begins planned field work on the German Icebreaker, R/V Polarstern during the 2001-2002 austral season. The proposed research for this program addresses the following themes: 1) the origins of the deep-sea benthic fauna in relation to the Antarctic shelf and linkages to the deep-sea faunas of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; 2) development of hypotheses to explain high biodiversity in the deep sea; 3) deep-sea benthic community structure in the Southern Ocean; and 4) biological process including reproduction and larval development of benthic invertebrates. Within this scheme, the proposed work will focus on seven polychaete families. During the course of two cruises, materials will be collected to map the spatial and bathymetric distributions of polychaete families while incorporating GIS mapping software. The systematics of the selected polychaete families will be examined. Furthermore, larval and post-larval stages will be observed in an effort to understand the mode of larval dispersal for Antarctic and deep-sea polychaetes. This information will contribute to an understanding of the origins and evolution of these families in the Southern Ocean.