Origin and Evolution of Antarctic and Deep-Sea Macroinfauna: Systematics and Reproductive Patterns of Polychaetes

国际南极底栖深海生物多样性计划在2001-2002年南极季期间开始计划中的德国破冰船R/V Polarstein的实地工作。该方案的拟议研究涉及以下主题：1)与南极陆架有关的深海底栖动物的起源及其与大西洋和太平洋深海动物群的联系；2)提出解释深海高度生物多样性的假设；3)南大洋深海底栖动物群落结构；4)底栖无脊椎动物的生物过程，包括繁殖和幼体发育。在这项计划内，拟议的工作将集中于七个多毛类家族。在两次巡游过程中，将收集材料绘制多毛类家族的空间和水深分布图，同时纳入地理信息系统绘图软件。将对选定的多毛目昆虫科进行系统学研究。此外，将观察幼虫和幼虫后阶段，以努力了解南极和深海多毛类幼虫的扩散方式。这些信息将有助于了解这些家族在南大洋的起源和演变。

The International Antarctic Benthic Deep-Sea Biodiversity Program begins planned field work on the German Icebreaker, R/V Polarstern during the 2001-2002 austral season. The proposed research for this program addresses the following themes: 1) the origins of the deep-sea benthic fauna in relation to the Antarctic shelf and linkages to the deep-sea faunas of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; 2) development of hypotheses to explain high biodiversity in the deep sea; 3) deep-sea benthic community structure in the Southern Ocean; and 4) biological process including reproduction and larval development of benthic invertebrates. Within this scheme, the proposed work will focus on seven polychaete families. During the course of two cruises, materials will be collected to map the spatial and bathymetric distributions of polychaete families while incorporating GIS mapping software. The systematics of the selected polychaete families will be examined. Furthermore, larval and post-larval stages will be observed in an effort to understand the mode of larval dispersal for Antarctic and deep-sea polychaetes. This information will contribute to an understanding of the origins and evolution of these families in the Southern Ocean.