Investigating the Possible Role of Magmatically-Derived Fluids in Faulting in the Long Valley Caldera

研究岩浆衍生流体在长谷火山口断层中的可能作用

• 批准号: 0087494
• 负责人: Mark Zoback
• 金额: $ 6.99万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-03-15 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0087494&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Investigating; Possible; Role; Magmatically; Derived

EAR0087494 (PH #37x)INVESTIGATING THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF MAGMATICALLY-DERIVED FLUIDS IN FAULTING IN THE LONG VALLEY CALDERAMark D. ZobackDepartment of GeophysicsStanford UniversityThe goal of this study is to improve our understanding of the interaction of volcanic and tectonic processes by investigating seismic activity in the Long Valley caldera, Eastern California. Specifically, we are studying the role of magmatically derived fluids in the mechanics of faulting in and near the caldera. It is well known that high fluid pressures may trigger earthquakes by decreasing the normal stress across faults. While scientists suspect that fluid pressures are high above magma chambers due to heating of ground water and exsolution of fluids from magma, a clear link between magmatically derived fluids and triggered seismicity remains elusive. By mapping the stress field and quantifying volcanically influenced pore pressures associated with faulting in the Long Valley caldera we hope to better constrain the relationship between tectonic and volcanic activities at depth.Fluids have been shown to influence a variety of faulting processes. Although earthquake triggering associated with pore fluid migration has been observed in cases of induced seismicity and has been hypothesized to occur along the San Andreas Fault, it has not been possible to quantify or map relative pore pressure changes in detail. Precise mapping of relative pore pressures associated with a spatially and temporally propagating system of earthquakes would help us understand how fluid pressures might be changing with time and diffusing through bedrock to trigger these events. This project is studying these processes in detail.

EAR0087494（PH#37x）探讨岩浆衍生流体在长谷火山口断裂中的可能作用Mark D.本研究的目的是通过调查加州东部长谷破火山口的地震活动，提高我们对火山和构造过程相互作用的理解。 具体来说，我们正在研究的作用，岩浆衍生流体的断层力学和附近的破火山口。 众所周知，高流体压力可能通过降低断层上的正应力而引发地震。 虽然科学家怀疑由于地下水的加热和岩浆中流体的出溶作用，岩浆库上方的流体压力很高，但岩浆衍生流体与触发地震活动之间的明确联系仍然难以捉摸。 通过绘制应力场图和量化与长谷破火山口断层相关的火山影响孔隙压力，我们希望更好地约束深部构造和火山活动之间的关系。虽然在诱发地震活动的情况下观察到了与孔隙流体迁移相关的地震触发，并假设沿圣安德烈亚斯断层沿着发生，但尚不可能详细量化或绘制相对孔隙压力变化。精确绘制与地震时空传播系统相关的相对孔隙压力图将有助于我们了解流体压力如何随时间变化并通过基岩扩散以触发这些事件。本项目正在详细研究这些过程。