Collaborative Research: Earthscope-Acquisition, Construction and Facility Management (SAFOD)

Simpson/0323309（常量），0323310（管理），0323311（O M）Prescott/0323700（常量），0323704（O M）Zoback/0323938（const.）地球范围是一个科学基础设施的新观测设施，将解决有关大陆的演变和地震和火山爆发的过程的基本问题的倡议。组成EarthScope设施的综合观测系统包括：USAray，通过地震和大地电磁系统绘制地球内部的三维地图;板块边界观测站，通过大地测量系统监测地球表面的变形;和圣安德烈亚斯断层深度观测站（SAFOD），定义了活动板块边界断层的深度条件和物理性质。 这些系统利用传感器技术和通信方面的最新发展，为地球科学家提供从各种地球物理传感器获得的高分辨率天气数据。EarthScope设施的所有数据将实时公开提供，以最大限度地扩大科学界的参与，并向学生和公众提供持续的教育宣传。EarthScope的智力价值来自于技术机会和科学发现的巧合。 EarthScope设施的设计和实施是在学术研究界广泛部门的投入下形成的。通过一系列讲习班和工作组，研究界与联邦和州合作伙伴一起，沿着确定了他们需要的工具，以便采取下一步措施，探索塑造大陆结构和影响大陆变形的基本过程。将通过在灾害评估和资源管理方面的应用，并通过与EarthScope教育和外联方案的直接联系，实现EarthScope的更广泛影响。 虽然EarthScope是一个国家计划，但它将通过与全国数百所大学、学校和组织的互动在地方一级安装和运行。EarthScope将作为一种工具，既用于交流科学认识，也可能同样重要的是，用于交流科学方法的性质。 随着EarthScope天文台在美国各地的安装，学生和公众将被介绍到科学问题和他们所在地区在了解北美大陆方面所发挥的作用。 提高对自然环境的认识是改善土地利用、无害环境发展和抵御自然灾害的第一步。 地球观测所需的广泛参与将为代表性不足的群体，特别是农村地区的群体，直接参与国家实验提供明确的途径。EarthScope数据的教育门户将使资源不足的学校能够平等地利用最先进的科学和科学基础设施。EarthScope将为学生和公众提供一个急需的机会，在一个学年的时间范围内实时观察地质过程和测量地质变形。 EarthScope将为公众提供科学如何进步的实际例子，因为他们看到新的数据正在收集，并观看新的理论正在制定和测试。

Simpson/0323309 (const.), 0323310 (mgmt.), 0323311 (O&M)Prescott/0323700 (const.), 0323704 (O&M)Zoback/0323938 (const.)ABSTRACTEarthScope is a scientific infrastructure initiative for new observational facilities that will address fundamental questions about the evolution of continents and the processes responsible for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The integrated observing systems that will comprise the EarthScope facility include: USArray that maps in 3-D the earth's interior by means of seismic and magnetotelluric systems; Plate Boundary Observatory that monitors the distortion of the earth's surface by means of geodetic systems; and the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) that defines the conditions and physics of an active plate boundary fault at depth. These systems capitalize on recent developments in sensor technology and communications to provide Earth scientists with synoptic and high-resolution data derived from a variety of geophysical sensors. All data from the EarthScope facility will be openly available in real-time to maximize participation from the scientific community and to provide on-going educational outreach to students and the public. The intellectual merit of EarthScope is derived from the coincidence of technological opportunity and scientific discovery. The design and implementation of the EarthScope facility has been shaped with input from a broad sector of the academic research community. Through a series of workshops and working groups, the research community, along with federal and state partners, has defined the tools they require to take the next steps in exploration of the fundamental processes that shape the structure and influence the deformation of continents. The broader impacts of EarthScope will be achieved through applications in hazard assessment and resource management and through direct linkages with the EarthScope education and outreach program. While EarthScope is a national program, it will be installed and operated at a local level through interactions with literally hundreds of universities, schools and organizations across the nation. EarthScope will serve as a tool for communicating both scientific understanding, and perhaps as importantly, the nature of the scientific method. As EarthScope observatories are installed across the US, students and the public will be introduced to scientific questions and the role that their region plays in understanding the North American continent. Improved understanding of the natural environment is the first step towards improved land use, environmentally-sound development, and resiliency to natural hazards. The broad participation that is necessary for EarthScope to operate will provide clear pathways for underrepresented groups, especially in rural areas, to participate directly in a national experiment. Educational portals for EarthScope data will allow under-resourced schools to have equal access to state-of-the-art science and scientific infrastructure. EarthScope will provide a much-needed opportunity for students and the public to observe geological processes in real-time and to measure geological deformation within the time frame of an academic school year. EarthScope will provide the public with practical examples of how science advances as they see new data being collected and watch new theories being formulated and tested.