Virtual Voyage - A WWW-based Expedition in Ocean Science Education

万维网为高等教育中的分布式学习提供了令人兴奋的新机会。这个项目是基于我们之前在技术中介学习方面的工作，通过构建虚拟海洋航行，将海上研究的兴奋感带入大学水平的海洋学课程。虚拟航海课件旨在将体验式学习的元素与随时随地访问WWW相结合，以刺激海洋科学的探究式学习。这次航行是根据美国国家科学基金会（NSF）、美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）和美国地质勘探局（USGS）在过去十年里对东太平洋水域以及加利福尼亚和俄勒冈州沿海地区的主要倡议支持的大量近期海洋研究目录综合而成的。我们正在模拟航海的经历（当然没有晕船），通过汇编来自学术界的研究同事、美国地质勘探局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局的航海探险的照片和视频。虚拟船载实验是在实际巡航后进行的，包括数据采集和数据分析技术，以及通过短（少于8分钟）流媒体音频/视频采访片段提供对科学家思维过程的洞察。我们还将随后的岸基分析作为“航行”的一部分。这个基于www的课件包含二维和三维图形、动画、文本和流媒体音频/视频。每个模块中都嵌入了监测海洋环境的实时数据，以及学生学习评估和自我测试的方法。该项目通过加利福尼亚和东太平洋的地理焦点来利用自然利益，因为在该州注册大学水平海洋学课程的学生比美国其他任何州（私立机构，加州大学，科罗拉多州立大学系统，社区学院和高中）都多。一旦完全开发，虚拟航行将作为整个海洋学课程的基础，通过基于www的模块和在线讨论，特别是通过分布式学习提供的越来越多的在线课程。这些模块除了显示海洋学各学科之间的联系外，还将具有统一的界面、学习评价的内部机制和跨越海洋学的广度。在这个项目中，我们将在CSU系统的两个校区（SJSU和SFSU）以及至少两个社区学院（马林学院和另一个待选的学院，可能是圣何塞城市学院或奥隆学院）开发虚拟航行计划的12个模块中的4个进行测试/评估。

Oceanography (43) The WWW provides exciting, new opportunities in distributed learning in higher education. This project is building on our previous work in technology-mediated learning by bringing the excitement of sea-going research into a college-level oceanography course through the construction of a virtual oceanographic voyage. The virtual voyage of courseware aims to combine elements of experiential learning with the anytime, anywhere access of the WWW to stimulate inquiry-based learning in the ocean sciences. The voyage is synthesized from the vast catalog of recent ocean research supported by major initiatives of NSF, NOAA and the USGS waters of the eastern Pacific, and along the coasts of California and Oregon over the past decade. We are simulating the sea-going experience (sans seasickness of course) by compiling photographs and video of sea-going expeditions from within our community of research colleagues in academia, the USGS and NOAA. Virtual shipboard experiments are patterned after actual cruises and include the technologies of data acquisition and data analysis as well as providing insight into the thought process of scientists through short (8 minutes of less) streaming audio/video interview segments. We are also including subsequent shore-based analyses as part of the "voyage." The WWW-based courseware contains 2-D and 3-D graphics, animations, text and streaming audio/video. Real-time data for monitoring the marine environment is embedded in each module as are methods of learning assessment and self-testing for the students. The project takes advantage of the natural interest through a geographic focus of California and the eastern Pacific, since more students are enrolled in college-level oceanography courses in that state than in any other state in the union (private institutions, UC, CSU system, community colleges and high school). Once fully developed, the virtual voyage will be used as the basis for entire oceanography courses, both through WWW-based modules and online discussions, especially in the growing number of online courses offered through distributed learning. The modules will have a uniform interface, internal mechanisms of learning assessment and span the breadth of oceanography, in addition to showing the linkages between the scientific disciplines of oceanography. In this project we are developing four out of the planned 12 modules of the virtual voyage with testing/assessment at two campuses of the CSU systems (SJSU and SFSU), as well as at least two community colleges (College of Marin and one other to be selected, probably San Jose City College or Ohlone College).