Molecular Structure and Microstructure of PM2.5 Derived from Stationary and Mobile Fossil Fuel Sources

固定和移动化石燃料源 PM2.5 的分子结构和微观结构

• 批准号: 0089133
• 负责人: Gerald Huffman
• 金额: $ 271万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-15 至 2006-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089133&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Structure; Microstructure; PM2.5; Derived

This Collaborative Research Activities in Environmental Molecular Science (CRAEMS) Award to the University of Kentucky is supported by the Special Projects Office in the Chemistry Division, and is in support of the work of Gerald Huffman and his collaborators in environmental chemistry. Support is also provided to J. David Robinson at the University of Missouri-Columbia, and Ronald Pugmire and Adel Sarofim at the University of Utah through subawards. The research will focus on fine airborne particular matter (PM) of less than 2.5 microns in diameter, derived from the combustion of fossil fuels in both stationary and mobile sources. These particulates are complex mixtures of ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, carbon, both elemental and organic, and inorganic constituents, particularly metals. The program will have three goals: (1) to identify molecular structure and microstructure, relevant for source apportionment; (2) to identify components that have significant effects on human health; and (3) to achieve, through laboratory experiments and modeling, a basic understanding of the formation mechanisms of critical structures identified. Molecular and microstructures will be characterized by a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including XAFS, GC-MS, 13C-NMR, SEM, TEM, XRF and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Samples will be obtained from large-scale combustion facilities and diesel truck sampling, laboratory experiments and ambient air sampling.The Environmental Protection Agency has proposed new regulations for fine airborne particulates. The knowledge generated by this research will be valuable for both the establishment of appropriate regulations for particulates and for compliance with those regulations.

授予肯塔基大学的环境分子科学合作研究活动奖(CRAEMS)由化学部特别项目办公室支持，并支持Gerald Huffman及其合作者在环境化学方面的工作。密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校的J.David Robinson和犹他大学的Ronald Pugmire和Adel Sarofim也通过子奖获得了支持。这项研究将集中在空气中直径小于2.5微米的细颗粒物(PM)，这些物质来自固定和移动来源中化石燃料的燃烧。这些颗粒物是硫酸铵、硝酸铵、碳(元素和有机)以及无机成分(特别是金属)的复杂混合物。该计划将有三个目标：(1)确定与来源解析相关的分子结构和微观结构；(2)确定对人类健康有重大影响的成分；(3)通过实验室实验和建模，对已确定的关键结构的形成机制有一个基本的了解。分子和微观结构将通过各种光谱和显微技术进行表征，包括XAFS、GC-MS、13C-核磁共振、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、XRF和穆斯堡尔谱。样本将从大型燃烧设施和柴油卡车采样、实验室实验和环境空气采样中获得。环境保护局已就空气中细颗粒物提出了新的法规。这项研究所产生的知识对于制定适当的颗粒物法规和遵守这些法规都是有价值的。