Effects of Recruitment and Post-recruitment Processes on Abundance of Stream Insects: a Comparative Approach

招募和招募后过程对溪流昆虫丰度的影响：比较方法

• 批准号: 0089863
• 负责人: Barbara Peckarsky
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089863&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Effects; Recruitment; Post; recruitment; Processes

ABSTRACTDEB 0089863PI: Barbara L. PeckarskyEffects of recruitment and post-recruitment processes on abundance of stream insects: a comparative approachThis study will help us understand how multiple factors interact to affect the abundance of plants and animals in nature. The goal of this proposal is to explain patterns of abundance of stream insect populations by conducting observations and experiments under realistic field conditions. Experiments in natural streams will test whether the abundance of larvae of two mayfly species is determined by the number of eggs laid by adults or the amount of food or predators in the larval habitat. The two mayfly species differ in egg-laying behavior, vulnerability to trout predation and behavior when faced with the risk predation and low levels of food (algae). First, in collaboration with Dr. Stephen Ellner we will use simulation models to predict how recruitment (egg-laying), presence of predators, and amount of food should affect the relative abundance of each mayfly species. Second, we will measure egg-laying, larval dispersal behavior (drift) and mayfly abundance in natural fish and fishless streams with different levels of food (algae). Third, in large-scale field experiments we will add or remove rocks and logs used by one of the mayfly species for egg-laying to test directly whether abundance of larvae is a function of recruitment. Fourth, we will drip water from containers with trout into fishless streams to determine whether drift of mayflies in response to trout chemicals can explain patterns of abundance in fish and fishless streams. Finally, we will manipulate multiple factors in experiments carried out in stream-side, flow-through chambers to determine whether drift of mayflies in response food and predators can explain larval abundance. Specifically, we hope to determine whether interactions with predators and resources override recruitment to explain the abundance of mayfly larvae in streams. This research can be generalized to apply to populations of other organisms that live in open systems and have one or more highly mobile life stages.

摘要/ abstract摘要：Barbara L. peckarska .昆虫入侵和入侵后对溪流昆虫丰度的影响：一种比较方法本研究将帮助我们了解多种因素如何相互作用影响自然界动植物的丰度。本文的目的是通过在实际的野外条件下进行观察和实验来解释河流昆虫种群丰度的模式。在自然溪流中进行的实验将测试两种蜉蝣幼虫的丰度是由成虫产卵的数量还是幼虫栖息地的食物或捕食者的数量决定的。这两种蜉蝣在产卵行为、对鳟鱼捕食的脆弱性以及面对捕食风险和低水平食物（藻类）时的行为方面存在差异。首先，与Stephen Ellner博士合作，我们将使用模拟模型来预测招募（产卵）、捕食者的存在和食物的数量应该如何影响每种蜉蝣物种的相对丰度。其次，我们将测量不同食物水平（藻类）的天然鱼类和无鱼类溪流中的产卵，幼虫扩散行为（漂移）和可能蝇丰度。第三，在大规模的野外实验中，我们将添加或删除一种蜉蝣产卵所用的岩石和原木，以直接测试幼虫的丰度是否与招募有关。第四，我们将把装有鳟鱼的容器中的水滴入无鱼的溪流中，以确定蜉蝣对鳟鱼化学物质的反应是否可以解释鱼类和无鱼溪流中的丰度模式。最后，我们将在溪边的通流室进行实验，以确定可能的食物和捕食者的漂移是否可以解释幼虫的丰度。具体来说，我们希望确定与捕食者和资源的相互作用是否优于招募，以解释溪流中蜉蝣幼虫的丰度。这项研究可以推广应用于生活在开放系统中具有一个或多个高度移动生命阶段的其他生物种群。