Cellular and Molecular Events in Early Leech Development
早期水蛭发育中的细胞和分子事件
基本信息
- 批准号:0091261
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 36万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2001
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2001-01-15 至 2004-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
0091261WeisblatGlossiphoniid leeches such as Helobdella robusta, are useful for studying developmental processes for two reasons: first, they are relatively simple animals with large, accessible embryos that are suited for combined cellular and molecular techniques. Second, since leeches belong to the phylum Annelida, an otherwise poorly studied group, the results obtained are useful for making interphyletic comparisons. Such comparisons are essential to distinguish general developmental processes from phylum-specific ones, and also to learn how evolutionary modification of developmental processes leads to the appearance of diverse animal types. For example, annelids and arthropods resemble each other (and differ from mollusks) in that they both have segmented body plans. But the early Helobdella embryo is strikingly different from the early Drosophila embryo and similar to molluscan embryos. Thus, the question of how cell fates are determined in the early leech embryo is of considerable interest. The experiments to be undertaken fall into two main areas. Most of the proposed effort will go into continuing investigations of cell fate determination and differentiation, combining reverse genetic approaches with embryological techniques for which the Helobdella embryo is well suited. Specific topics to be investigated include: 1. The mesoderm-ectoderm fate decision. Dr. Weisblat and his research group will test the hypothesis that maternally inherited transcripts of Hro-nos, the nanos homolog in Helobdella, are translated only at the animal pole of the embryo, and that inheriting high levels of HRO-NOS protein causes the animal daughter of macromere D' to assume an ectodermal fate. 2. The origins of the germline. Hro-nos is also transcribed zygotically. The hypothesis that Hro-nos is associated with primordial germ cells in leech, as in other bilaterians will also be tested. 3. Signalling by HRO-HH, a hedgehog-class gene product in gut formation. Preliminary results indicate that HRO-HH signaling from endoderm is critical for gut formation in leech as in vertebrate. Experiments will be undertaken to confirm this result and look for downstream targets of HRO-NOS signaling.The second part of the work entails investigations of the dynamics of cells and cellular processes. Specific topics to be investigated include: 1. The regulation of cell-cell fusion. An early step in leech midgut formation entails the fusion of macromeres A''' and B''', a process which is regulated by signals emanating from the D quadrant of the embryo. Blastomere isolation and recombination experiments will be performed to pinpoint the timing and source of the signal. 2. The dynamics of early WNT signalling. Dr. Weisblat's group has recently discovered that a WNT signalling pathway is operative in the 2-cell embryo of the leech, and serves in part to regulate cell-cell adhesion following the first cell division. This is the earliest possible example of intercellular embryonic signalling. The experiments proposed are designed to determine whether WNT expression is regulated at the level of transcription, translation, or post-translational processing.
0091261 WeisblatGlossiphoniid水蛭,如Helobdella robusta,可用于研究发育过程,原因有二:首先,它们是相对简单的动物,具有大的、可接近的胚胎,适合于组合的细胞和分子技术。 其次,由于水蛭属于环节动物门,否则研究不足的群体,所获得的结果是有用的,使系间比较。 这样的比较是必不可少的,以区分一般的发展过程,从门特定的,也要了解如何发展过程的进化修改导致不同的动物类型的外观。 例如,环节动物和节肢动物彼此相似(与软体动物不同),因为它们都有分段的身体计划。 但早期Helobdella胚胎与早期果蝇胚胎有着惊人的不同,而与软体动物胚胎相似。 因此,在早期水蛭胚胎中细胞命运是如何决定的问题是相当有趣的。 将要进行的试验分为两个主要领域。 大多数拟议的努力将继续调查细胞命运的决定和分化,结合反向遗传方法与胚胎学技术,其中Helobdella胚胎是非常适合的。 具体研究内容包括:1.中胚层-外胚层的命运决定。 Weisblat博士和他的研究小组将测试一个假设,即Helobdella中的nanos同系物Hro-nos的母系遗传转录本仅在胚胎的动物极处翻译,并且遗传高水平的HRO-NOS蛋白质会导致macromere D '的动物女儿承担外胚层命运。2.生殖细胞的起源。 Hro-nos也转录合子。 Hro-NOS与水蛭中的原始生殖细胞有关的假设,也将被测试,在其他bilaterians。3. HRO-HH的信号传导,肠道形成中的刺猬类基因产物。 初步结果表明,来自内胚层的HRO-HH信号传导对于水蛭和脊椎动物的肠道形成至关重要。 本研究的第二部分是对细胞动力学和细胞过程的研究。 具体研究内容包括:1.细胞间融合的调节。 水蛭中肠形成的早期步骤需要大单体A ""和B ""的融合,这是一个由胚胎D象限发出的信号调节的过程。 将进行卵裂球分离和重组实验,以确定信号的时间和来源。2.早期WNT信号的动力学。Weisblat博士的研究小组最近发现,WNT信号通路在水蛭的2细胞胚胎中起作用,并在第一次细胞分裂后部分调节细胞间的粘附。 这是细胞间胚胎信号传导的最早可能的例子。 所提出的实验旨在确定WNT表达是否在转录、翻译或翻译后加工水平上受到调节。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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David Weisblat其他文献
Characterization of non-segmental progeny of the mesodermal lineage in the leech <em>Helobdella</em>
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.05.264 - 发表时间:
2009-07-15 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Stephanie Gline;David Weisblat - 通讯作者:
David Weisblat
David Weisblat的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('David Weisblat', 18)}}的其他基金
Unequal Cleavage and D Quadrant Specification in the Leech Helobdella
水蛭 Helobdella 的不等裂解和 D 象限规格
- 批准号:
0922792 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
An NSF REU Site at Berkeley: Cell, Developmental and Evolutionary Biology
伯克利 NSF REU 站点:细胞、发育和进化生物学
- 批准号:
0852016 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
REU Site in Cell, Developmental and Evolutionary Biology at UC Berkeley
加州大学伯克利分校细胞、发育和进化生物学 REU 网站
- 批准号:
0552996 - 财政年份:2006
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cellular and Molecular Events in Early Leech Development
早期水蛭发育中的细胞和分子事件
- 批准号:
0314718 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cellular and Molecular Events in Early Leech Development
早期水蛭发育中的细胞和分子事件
- 批准号:
9723114 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cellular and Molecular Events in Early Leech Development
早期水蛭发育中的细胞和分子事件
- 批准号:
9406141 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Cellular and Molecular Events in Early Leech Development
早期水蛭发育中的细胞和分子事件
- 批准号:
9105713 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Summer Course in Cellular Neurobiology and Development of the Leech; August 5-25, 1991; Woods Hole, Massachusetts
细胞神经生物学和水蛭发育暑期课程;
- 批准号:
9109261 - 财政年份:1991
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
1989 West Coast Regional Developmental Biology Conference, Standford Alumni Center, Fallen Leaf Lake, California, May 4-7, 1989
1989 年西海岸地区发育生物学会议,斯坦福校友中心,加利福尼亚州落叶湖,1989 年 5 月 4-7 日
- 批准号:
8819124 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 36万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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